Table 1.
Composition (%) of the essential oils from H. gardnerianum mature leaves obtained by GC-MS.
| Components | %b | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class | RIa | FU | FO | SC | AC | |
| α-Pinene | a | 870 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| β-Pinene | a | 920 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
| β-Limonene | a | 986 | 0.1 | t | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Eucalyptol | b | 996 | n.d. | n.d. | t | t |
| S-3-Carene | a | 1080 | t | n.d. | t | t |
| trans-Limonene oxide | b | 1128 | 0.1 | 0.1 | t | 0.1 |
| Cymol | f | 1136 | t | 0.1 | 0.1 | t |
| m-Cymene | a | 1178 | t | n.d. | 0.1 | t |
| Verbenene | a | 1195 | 0.1 | n.d. | t | 0.1 |
| Myrtenal | b | 1201 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| α-Copaene | c | 1416 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| β-Elemene | c | 1434 | 0.1 | n.d. | 0.1 | n.d |
| trans-Caryophyllene | c | 1465 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
| α-Humulene | c | 1501 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 3.3 | 2.1 |
| Neoalloocimene | c | 1510 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
| (−)-Calamenene | c | 1523 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| β-Selinene | c | 1536 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| α-Selinene | c | 1545 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.8 |
| α-Muurolene | c | 1551 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
| α-Farnesene | c | 1559 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.5 |
| γ-Cadinene | c | 1565 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.4 |
| Cadalin | c | 1576 | 6.4 | 5.0 | 5.9 | 5.0 |
| α-Cadinene | c | 1590 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| 3-Methoxycinnamaldehyde | f | 1620 | n.d. | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| 9,10-Dehydroisolongifolene | c | 1632 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 5.0 | 4.8 |
| 8,9-Dehydroisolongifolene | c | 1637 | n.d | 3.9 | 3.6 | 4.8 |
| trans-α-Bisabolene | c | 1653 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.0 |
| 3,4-Dimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-carboxaldehyde | f | 1664 | 9.0 | 10.2 | 9.0 | 10.5 |
| 1,2,3,4,4a,7-Hexahydro-1,6-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene | c | 1669 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
| (−)-δ-Selinene | c | 1672 | 0.7 | 0.4 | n.d. | n.d. |
| Calamene | c | 1680 | n.d. | 2.4 | 2.2 | 3.1 |
| (−)-Cedreanol | d | 1694 | 16.3 | 15.8 | 15.2 | 15.9 |
| δ -Cadinene | c | 1705 | 16.5 | 14.6 | n.d. | n.d. |
| α-Calacorene | c | 1711 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 15.9 | 16.2 |
| Guaiazolene | c | 1730 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| (−)-Isoledene | c | 1741 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid methyl ester | e | 2116 | 0.1 | n.d. | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Monoterpene hydrocarbons | a | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | |
| Oxygenated monoterpenes | b | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons | c | 47.8 | 51.5 | 52.7 | 50.9 | |
| Oxygenated sesquiterpenes | d | 16.3 | 15.8 | 15.2 | 15.9 | |
| Esters | e | 0.1 | n.d. | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Others | f | 9.0 | 10.4 | 9.5 | 10.9 | |
| Total | 75.0 | 79.5 | 79.3 | 79.8 |
t – trace (<0.05%); n.d. – Not determined; a Retention index against C7-C27 n-alkanes; b Normalized peak abundances without correction factors. Place of sampling: FU = Furnas; FO = Fogo; SC = Sete Cidades; AC = Achada do Nordeste.