Table 2.
Phytotoxic effects of organic extracts of X. italicum fruit at 1 mg/mL.
| Amaranth | Lettuce | Wheat | Ryegrass | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Root length | Shoot length | Root length | Shoot length | Root length | Shoot length | Root length | Shoot length | |
| control | 2.21 ± 0.26 a | 1.28 ± 0.08 b | 4.53 ± 0.36 a | 2.03 ± 0.06 b | 12.13 ± 0.56 a | 4.76 ± 0.05 b | 3.55 ± 0.10 a | 2.66 ± 0.06 a |
| Petroleum ether | 1.15 ± 0.15 c | 0.71 ± 0.09 c | 4.85 ± 0.14 a | 2.23 ± 0.04 b | 8.14 ± 0.59 b | 4.37 ± 0.11 b | 3.14 ± 0.24 ab | 2.45 ± 0.17 a |
| Chloroform | 0.10 ± 0.00 e | 0.10 ± 0.10 d | 0.71 ± 0.08 c | 0.23 ± 0.05 d | 0.92 ± 0.13 c | 1.48 ± 0.12 d | 0.03 ± 0.03 d | 0.77 ± 0.15 bc |
| Ethyl acetate | 1.68 ± 0.18 b | 1.15 ± 0.14 b | 4.68 ± 0.18 a | 2.13 ± 0.04 b | 10.13 ± 0.29 a | 4.26 ± 0.15 b | 3.24 ± 0.10 a | 2.35 ± 0.09 a |
| n-butanol | 0.58 ± 0.11 d | 0.69 ± 0.09 c | 2.90 ± 0.08 b | 1.60 ± 0.04 c | 7.73 ± 0.15 b | 3.45 ± 0.07 c | 1.04 ± 0.06 c | 1.04 ± 0.10 b |
| Water phase | 1.58 ± 0.26 b | 2.39 ± 0.26 a | 3.25 ± 0.13 b | 3.35 ± 0.08 a | 11.34 ± 0.90 a | 5.52 ± 0.18 a | 2.88 ± 0.35 b | 2.35 ± 0.17 a |
Means within a column followed by the same letter are not different at p = 0.05 level according to Fisher’s LSD test. Each value is the mean of three replicates ± SE.