Table 1.
Study population characteristics at baseline and after 28 days of β-carotene supplementation, 25,000 IU twice daily (n = 11).
| Baseline characteristics | Day 28 characteristics (n = 11) | p † value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 11) | |||
| Age (years) | 45.5 ± 9.4 | - | - |
| Gender [n, (%) male] | 9 (81.8) | - | - |
| Weight (kg) | 76.6 ± 15.7 | 76.0 ± 16.6 | 0.489 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.2 ± 4.0 | 26.1 ± 4.1 | 0.83 |
| Ethnicity [n, (%)] | |||
| - Caucasian | 6 (54.5) | - | - |
| - African / African-American | 4 (36.4) | - | - |
| - Asian | 1 (9.1) | - | - |
| CD4+ (cells/μL) | 616.2 ± 229.3 | 667.4 ± 330.5 | 0.258 |
| CD4+ % | 29.6 ± 8.5 | 33.3 ± 10.3 | 0.0009 |
| CD8+ (cells/μL) | 859.5 ± 435.1 | 759. 5 ± 413.0 | 0.091 |
| CD8+ % | 39.9 ± 13.2 | 37.8 ± 12.8 | 0.07 |
| CD4+:CD8+ ratio | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.6 | 0.003 |
| Absolute lymphocyte count (×109/L) | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 0.873 |
| n (%) with HIV viral load <50 copies/mL | 10 (90.9) | 10 (90.9) | - |
| (1 patient had 63) | (1 patient had 50) | ||
| Carotene level (μmol/L) | 3.35 ± 1.29 | 5.16 ± 1.61 | 0.0056 |
| (reference range: 1.0–5.5 μmol/L) |
Unless specified otherwise, data presented as mean ± standard deviation; † Paired t-test.