. 2012 Jun 15;17(6):7458–7502. doi: 10.3390/molecules17067458

Table 4.

Solvatochromic parameters of ionic liquids that are or are not able to dissolve cellulose.

Ionic liquid ^a		Solvatochromic parameters ^b				Dissolves cellulose	Ref.
Cation	Anion	E _T ^N	α	β	π ^*
AMIM⁺	Fo⁻	n.a.	0.48	0.99	1.08	yes	[198]
AMIM⁺	MPo⁻	n.a.	0.51	0.99	1.06	yes	[123]
BMIM⁺	Ac⁻	0.611	0.43	1.05	1.04	yes	[199]
BMIM⁺	Ac⁻	0.892	0.57	0.99	0.97	yes	[44]
BMIM⁺	Ac⁻	n.a.	0.55	1.09	0.99	yes	[113]
BMIM⁺	Ac⁻	n.a.	0.43	1.20	n.a.	yes	[193]
BMIM⁺	Ac⁻	n.a.	0.36	0.85	n.a.	yes	[200]
BMIM⁺	Ac⁻	n.a.	n.a.	1.16	n.a.	yes	[192]
BMIM⁺	Cl⁻	0.901	0.51	0.84	1.08	yes	[44]
BMIM⁺	Cl⁻	n.a.	0.47	0.87	1.10	yes	[113]
BMIM⁺	Cl⁻	n.a.	0.49	0.83	1.03	yes	[193]
BMIM⁺	Fo⁻	n.a.	0.56	1.01	1.03	yes	[113]
BMIM⁺	MPo⁻	n.a.	0.52	1.02	1.01	yes	[123]
EDMIM⁺	MPo⁻	n.a.	0.33	1.01	1.11	yes	[123]
EMIM⁺	DMP⁻	n.a.	0.51	1.0	1.06	yes	[117]
EMIM⁺	MPo⁻	n.a.	0.52	1.0	1.06	yes	[123]
EMPIP⁺	MPo⁻	n.a.	0.29	1.08	1.08	yes	[123]
HEMIM⁺	MPo⁻	n.a.	0.63	0.91	1.06	yes	[123]
MOEMIM⁺	Ac⁻	0.912	0.59	1.06	1.01	yes	[44]
MOEMIM⁺	MPo⁻	n.a.	0.51	0.98	1.07	yes	[123]
TEMA⁺	MPo⁻	n.a.	0.29	1.04	1.14	yes	[123]
BMIM⁺	CH₃SO₄⁻	n.a.	0.54	0.67	1.05	no	[193]
BMIM⁺	N(CN)₂⁻	n.a.	0.44	0.64	n.a.	no	[193]
BMIM⁺	BF₄⁻	0.670	0.63	0.38	1.05	no	[199]
BMIM⁺	TfO⁻	0.630	0.62	0.46	1.0	no	[199]
Molecular solvents
methanol		0.762	0.98	0.66	0.60	no	[201]
DMSO		0.444	0.0	0.76	1.00	no	[201]
Molecular solvents (cont.)
pyridine		0.302	0.0	0.64	0.87	no	[201]
chloroform		0.259	0.20	0.10	0.58	no	[201]
toluene		0.099	0.0	0.11	0.54	no	[201]
hexane		0.009	0.0	0.0	−0.40	no	[201]

^a cations: ABIM⁺: 1-allyl-3-butylimidazolium, ADMIM⁺: 1-allyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium, AMIM⁺: 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium, BDMIM⁺: 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium, BMIM⁺: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium, BDMTA⁺: benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium, DOHMIM⁺: 1-(3,6-dioxa-(1-heptyl))-3-methylimidazolium, EDMIM⁺: 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium, EMIM⁺: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium, EMPIP⁺: 1-ethyl-1-methylpiperidinium, HEMIM⁺: 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium, HMIM⁺: 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium, MOEMIM⁺: 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium, TBMA⁺: tributylmethylammonium, TEMA⁺: triethtylmethylammonium, anions: Ac⁻: acetate, Br⁻: bromide, Bz⁻: benzoate, Cl⁻: chloride, DEP⁻: diethylposphate, DEP⁻: dimethylposphate, Fo⁻: formate, MPo⁻: methylphosphonate, Pr⁻: propionate, TfO⁻: trifluoromethanesulfonate; ^bE_T^N: normalized empirical polarity; α: hydrogen bond donor ability; β: hydrogen bond acceptors ability; π^*: dipolarity/polarizability.