Table 3.
Association between cumulative viral load (VL) and myocardial infarction (MI) in 11,324 people living with HIV who were not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at cohort entry, overall and for person–time off and on ART during follow-up. Adjusted hazard ratiosa (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are provided both for doubling the cumulative VL and for the 75th versus the 25th percentile of the cumulative VL distribution.
| All participants ART-untreated at baseline (52,952 person-years of follow-up, 218 MIs, 103 type 1, 115 type 2) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | HR per doubling |
95% Confidence Interval |
HR for 75th vs 25th %ile) |
95% CI | MI Rate per 1000 person years (95% CI) |
| all MI | 1.07 | 1.03, 1.11 | 1.72 | 1.26,2.36 | 4.12 (3.61,4.70) |
| type 1 MI | 1.02 | 0.97, 1.08 | 1.23 | 0.78,1.96 | 1.94 (1.60,2.36) |
| type 2 MI | 1.11 | 1.07, 1.16 | 2.52 | 1.74,3.66 | 2.17 (1.81,2.61) |
| Person–time off ART (8,270 person-years of follow-up, 41 MIs, 15 type 1, 26 type 2) | |||||
| Outcome | Hazard Ratioa |
95% Confidence Interval |
HR (75 vs 25) |
95% CI | Rate per 1000 person years |
| all MI | 1.09 | 0.99, 1.21 | 1.48 | 0.93,2.35 | 4.96 (3.65,6.73) |
| type 1 MI | 1.18 | 1.03, 1.35 | 2.13 | 1.15,3.94 | 1.81 (1.09,3.01) |
| type 2 MI | 1.05 | 0.93, 1.20 | 1.26 | 0.71,2.26 | 3.14 (2.14,4.62) |
| Person–time on ART (44,674 person-years of follow-up, 177 MIs, 88 type 1, 89 type 2) | |||||
| Outcome | HR per doubling |
95% Confidence Interval |
HR for 75th vs 25th %ile) |
95% CI | MI Rate per 1000 person years (95% CI) |
| all MI | 1.06 | 1.02, 1.10 | 1.65 | 1.22,2.23 | 3.96 (3.42,4.59) |
| type 1 MI | 1.02 | 0.97, 1.08 | 1.22 | 0.78,1.91 | 1.97 (1.60,2.43) |
| type 2 MI | 1.10 | 1.06, 1.15 | 2.31 | 1.59,3.35 | 1.99 (1.62,2.45) |
a
Estimates are adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, clinical site, diabetes, treated hypertension, statin use, ever-smoker, and lowest CD4 cell count. The all MI model is also adjusted for ART.