Table 1.

Type I Error Rate for the Proposed GLIDE Test and the MR-Egger^a Test When the Nominal P Value Is 0.05

Sample Size, no.		Causal Effect (${\mathbf{\beta }}_{\mathbf{1}}$)	Test
Cases	Controls		GLIDE	MR-Egger
500	500	0	0.0436	0.0489
		0.5	0.0457	0.0505
2,500	2,500	0	0.0482	0.0494
		0.5	0.0484	0.0503

Abbreviations: GLIDE, global and individual tests for direct effects; MR, Mendelian randomization.

^a Egger’s test for assessing pleiotropy in MR.