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. 2018 Nov 30;8:17485. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35702-y

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The probiotic properties of L. reuteri HCM2 (A) Caco-2 cells observed using light microscopy. (B) Adhesion of L. reuteri HCM2 to Caco-2 cells observed using light microscopy after Gram-staining. (C) An agar diffusion assay showing the antibacterial activity of L. reuteri HCM2 against ETEC. (D) The inhibition of ETEC growth by L. reuteri HCM2 was examined by adding different concentrations (5%, 10% and 20%) of L. reuteri HCM2 cell free supernatant (CFS) to ETEC inoculations and then measuring growth over 12 h. OD600 values of the inoculations at 2 h and 12 h are shown as bar graphs. The data are presented as mean ± SD with n = 5. (E) An SEM image of ETEC cells after 12 h of cultivation at 37 °C. (F): An SEM image of ETEC cultivated in medium containing 20% L. reuteri HCM2-CFS for 12 h at 37 °C. The scale bar is 2 μm in (E,F). (G) Number of ETEC cells bound to Caco-2 cells after ETEC (108 CFUs) and L. reuteri HCM2 (108 CFUs) cells were incubated with Caco-2 cells at 37 °C for 90 min. H: Number of ETEC cells bound to Caco-2 cells after ETEC (108 CFUs) cells were incubated with Caco-2 cells at 37 °C for 45 min, and then with L. reuteri HCM2 (108 CFUs) and Caco-2 cells for another 45 min. These results include data from three independent experiments. *Significant difference at p < 0.05.