. 2018 Nov 30;8:17518. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35759-9

Table 1.

Clinical and biochemical characteristics according to the presence of obesity.

Variables	Non-obese group (BMI < 30)	Obese group (BMI ≥ 30)	P-value
Variables	n = 56	n = 53	P-value
BMI (kg/m²) [mean ± SD]	25.18 ± 2.50	46.65 ± 12.14	<0.001 ^a
Sex (females) [n (%)]	25 (44.6)	19 (35.8)	0.350^b
Age (years) [mean ± SD]	57.38 ± 14.04	56.38 ± 12.95	0.701^a
HOMA-IR [mean ± SD]	2.852 ± 2.117	4.823 ± 2.924	<0.001 ^a
Glucose (mg/dL)[mean ± SD]	97.65 ± 24.54	103.66 ± 18.52	0.023 ^a
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) [mean ± SD]	209.16 ± 38.10	207.35 ± 43.25	0.822^a
HDL (mg/dL) [mean ± SD]	56.62 ± 15.15	46.91 ± 11.84	<0.001 ^a
LDL (mg/dL) [mean ± SD]	126.18 ± 30.03	131.46 ± 30.45	0.387^a
Triglycerides (mg/dL) [mean ± SD]	124.53 ± 75.13	148.78 ± 85.41	0.123^a
IL1β (pg/mL) [mean ± SD]	0.065 ± 0.104	0.096 ± 0.138	0.117^a
IL6 (pg/mL) [mean ± SD]	1.820 ± 1.613	4.306 ± 4.371	0.002 ^a
TNFα (pg/mL) [mean ± SD]	2.121 ± 0.808	3.246 ± 1.423	0.011 ^a

^aP-value from Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test.

^bP-value from Fisher’s exact test or Chi-square test.

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.