Table 3.
Aggregate patient characteristics
| Cryoablation (Group 1) (n = 5608) | PV isolation (Group 2) (n = 3167) | LA ablation (Group 3) (n = 8336) | LA + RA ablation (Group 4) (n = 2403) | Any left atrial ablation procedure (Groups 1–4) (n = 19 514) | Isolated right atrial ablation procedure (Group 5) (n = 13 871) | P-value (1–4 vs. 5) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 62.9 ± 10.7 | 62.7 ± 10.6 | 63.7 ± 10.8 | 63.8 ± 10.9 | 63.3 ± 10.8 | 67.2 ± 11.9 | <0.001 |
| ≤50 years, n (%) | 741 (13.2) | 427 (13.5) | 997 (12.0) | 274 (11.4) | 2439 (12.5) | 1210 (8.7) | <0.001 |
| 51–60 years, n (%) | 1382 (24.6) | 816 (25.8) | 1959 (23.5) | 553 (23.0) | 4710 (24.1) | 2298 (16.6) | <0.001 |
| 61–70 years, n (%) | 1906 (34.0) | 1011 (31.9) | 2686 (32.2) | 773 (32.2) | 6376 (32.7) | 3870 (27.9) | <0.001 |
| 71–80 years, n (%) | 1497 (26.7) | 873 (27.6) | 2540 (30.5) | 760 (31.6) | 5670 (29.1) | 5226 (37.7) | <0.001 |
| >80 years, n (%) | 82 (1.5) | 40 (1.3) | 154 (1.8) | 43 (1.8) | 319 (1.6) | 1267 (9.1) | <0.001 |
| Males, n (%) | 3270 (58.3) | 1941 (61.3) | 5069 (60.8) | 1483 (61.7) | 11769 (60.3) | 9964 (71.8) | <0.001 |
| Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 3893 (69.4) | 1907 (60.2) | 4428 (53.1) | 1048 (43.6) | 11276 (57.8) | 3850 (27.8) | <0.001 |
| Persistent atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 1755 (31.3) | 1226 (38.7) | 3508 (42.1) | 1133 (47.1) | 7622 (39.1) | 1602 (11.5) | <0.001 |
| Permanent atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 96 (1.7) | 37 (1.2) | 220 (2.6) | 36 (1.5) | 389 (2.0) | 314 (2.3) | 0.10 |
| Atrial flutter, n (%) | 312 (5.6) | 324 (10.2) | 1517 (18.2) | 1200 (49.9) | 3353 (17.2) | 12333 (88.9) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 3484 (62.1) | 2062 (65.1) | 5230 (62.7) | 1461 (60.8) | 12238 (62.7) | 8894 (64.1) | 0.009 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 152 (2.7) | 94 (3.0) | 279 (3.3) | 53 (2.2) | 578 (3.0) | 990 (7.1) | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary hypertension, n (%) | 105 (1.9) | 91 (2.9) | 252 (3.0) | 74 (3.1) | 522 (2.7) | 517 (3.7) | <0.001 |
| Obstructive sleep apnoea, n (%) | 184 (3.3) | 111 (3.5) | 285 (3.4) | 78 (3.2) | 658 (3.4) | 496 (3.6) | 0.32 |
| Hyperthyroidism, n (%) | 113 (2.0) | 93 (2.9) | 219 (2.6) | 40 (1.7) | 465 (2.4) | 302 (2.2) | 0.22 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 562 (10.0) | 348 (11.0) | 973 (11.7) | 259 (10.8) | 2142 (11.0) | 2754 (19.9) | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 323 (5.8) | 174 (5.5) | 837 (10.0) | 193 (8.0) | 1527 (7.8) | 2066 (14.9) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 1108 (19.8) | 666 (21.0) | 182 (2.2) | 446 (18.6) | 4041 (20.7) | 4452 (32.1) | <0.001 |
| Dilative cardiomyopathy, n (%) | 146 (2.6) | 148 (4.7) | 402 (4.8) | 132 (5.5) | 828 (4.2) | 829 (6.0) | <0.001 |
| Heart failure, n (%) | 642 (11.4) | 395 (12.5) | 1418 (17) | 455 (18.9) | 2910 (14.9) | 3470 (25.0) | <0.001 |
| Aortic stenosis, n (%) | 88 (1.6) | 82 (2.6) | 177 (2.1) | 51 (2.1) | 398 (2.0) | 440 (3.2) | <0.001 |
| Mitral valve disease, n (%) | 313 (5.6) | 172 (5.4) | 549 (6.6) | 142 (5.9) | 1176 (6.0) | 936 (6.7) | 0.008 |
| Peripheral artery disease, n (%) | 55 (1.0) | 43 (1.4) | 82 (1.0) | 20 (0.8) | 200 (1.0) | 408 (2.9) | <0.001 |
| Duration of hospital stay (days), mean ± SD | 4.2 ± 3.7 | 4.1 ± 3.7 | 4.7 ± 4.4 | 4.6 ± 4.3 | 4.4 ± 4.1 | 5.1 ± 6.7 | <0.001 |
Statistical comparisons are calculated for two columns on the right-hand side. Among them, the left column includes any left atrial ablation procedure using any source of energy, the right column includes isolated right atrial ablation procedures using any source of energy. Comparisons using Fisher’s exact test or Student’s t-test as appropriate.