Table 1.

Extraction conditions of different methods used for L. chuanxiong rhizoma.

No.	Constituents	Method	Solvent	Time (min)	Temperature (°C)	Extraction yield (%)	Ref.
1	Ferulic acid	Ultrasound	4 mL ethanol	30	25	0.06	[9]
2	Ferulic acid	Reflux	12 mL 75% ethanol	270	100	0.13	[10]
3	Ferulic acid	Reflux	8 mL 70% ethanol	180	100	0.11	[11]
4	Ferulic acid	Reflux	7.5 mL 80% ethanol	180	Unclear	0.11	[12]
5	Ferulic acid	Percolation and decoction	12 mL water	180	100	0.05–0.06	[6]
6	Ferulic acid	Reflux	6 mL 90% ethanol	358	Unclear	0.14	[13]
7	Ferulic acid	Microwave	10 mL 40% ethanol	4	Unclear	0.08	[22]
8	Ferulic acid	Reflux	54 mL 40% ethanol	180	100	0.10–0.19	[14]
9	Ferulic acid	Reflux	5 mL 90% ethanol	90	100	0.11–0.18	[15]
10	Ferulic acid	Reflux	5 mL water	60	50	0.05	[16]
11	Ferulic acid	Reflux	8 mL 70% ethanol	180	100	0.11	[17]
12	Ferulic acid Ligustilide	Reflux	15 mL 80% ethanol	180	Unclear	0.35–0.12; 0.07–0.20	[18]
13	Ligustilide	Reflux	25 mL 71% ethanol	278	89	0.68	[19]
14	Senkyunolide A Ligustilide	Distillation	water	540	100	0.04; 0.21	[5]
15	Senkyunolide I Senkyunolide H Ligustilide	Microwave	15 mL ionic liquid	5	180	about 0.08; about 0.02; about 0.40	[21]
16	Senkyunolide I Senkyunolide H Ligustilide	Reflux	5 mL 75% ethanol	270	60	0.10–0.20; 0.05–0.09; 0.44–0.53	[20]
17	Ferulic acid Senkyunolide I Senkyunolide H Ligustilide Levistolide A	Percolation and ultrasound	25 mL ethanol	>300	Unclear	0.51; 1.32; 0.47; 3.74; 0.05	[7]

Note: 0.5 g sample to calculate the volume of extraction solvent.