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. 2014 May 9;19(5):5981–5998. doi: 10.3390/molecules19055981

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis by fucoidan treatment in T24 cells. (A and B) Cells were incubated in the presence or absence of several concentrations of fucoidan for 48 h. (A) Cells were subjected to Western blot analysis using the indicated antibodies and an ECL detection system; (B). Caspase-3, -8, and -9 activity was determined with colorimetric assay kits. The data were normalized to the caspase activity within the control cells and represented as the fold of the control. Data are averages with SD from at least three independent experiments (* p < 0.05 vs. untreated control); (C) Cells were incubated in the presence or absence of z-VAD-fmk for 2 h before being exposed to fucoidan. After 48 h of incubation, cell viability was analyzed using an MTT assay; (D) Cells grown under the same conditions as (C) were harvested to determine the percentage of annexin V+/− (apoptotic cells). The data are expressed as the means ± SD of triplicate samples (* p < 0.05 vs. untreated control; # p < 0.05 vs. fucoidan treated cells).