Table 3.
Serum biochemistry results of 157 cats with pancreatitis at presentation
| Analytea | Survivors | Nonsurvivors | All cats | Reference interval | P valueb | P valuec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albumin (g/dL) | n (%) | 116 (77.3) | 34 (22.7) | 150 | 2.2‐4.6 | .151 | .260 |
| Mean (SD) | 3.2 (±0.6) | 3.0 (±0.7) | 3.15 (±0.6) | ||||
| >2.2; n (%) | 7 (6.0) | 4 (11.8) | 11 (7.3) | ||||
| <4.6; n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| Total protein (g/dL) | n (%) | 109 (77.3) | 32 (22.7) | 141 | 6.6‐8.4 | .929 | .538 |
| Mean (SD) | 7.2 (±1.3) | 7.2 (±1.4) | 7.2 (±1.3) | ||||
| >6.6; n (%) | 37 (33.9) | 13 (40.6) | 50 (35.5) | ||||
| <8.4; n (%) | 19 (17.4) | 7 (21.9) | 26 (18.4) | ||||
| Globulin (g/dL) | n (%) | 109 (77.9) | 31 (22.1) | 140 | 2.8‐5.4 | .720 | .449 |
| Median (IQR) | 3.9 (3.3‐4.6) | 3.6 (3.1‐4.6) | 3.8 (3.2‐4.6) | ||||
| >2.8; n (%) | 13 (11.9) | 4 (12.9) | 17 (12.1) | ||||
| <5.4; n (%) | 9 (8.3) | 5 (16.1) | 14 (10.0) | ||||
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | n (%) | 111 (78.2) | 31 (21.8) | 142 | 0.0–0.2 | .668 | .849 |
| Median (IQR) | 0.3 (0.1‐1.4) | 0.3 (0.1‐2.6) | 0.3 (0.1‐1.9) | ||||
| <0.2; n (%) | 63 (56.8) | 17 (54.8) | 80 (56.3) | ||||
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | n (%) | 103 (78.6) | 28 (21.4) | 131 | 89‐258 | .646 | .819 |
| Mean (SD) | 177 (±98) | 186 (±92) | 179 (±96) | ||||
| >89; n (%) | 14 (13.6) | 3 (10.7) | 17 (13.0) | ||||
| < 258; n (%) | 18 (17.5) | 4 (14.3) | 22 (16.8) | ||||
| Total CO2 (mmol/L) | n (%) | 73 (77.7) | 21 (22.3) | 94 | 15‐21 | .027 | .089 |
| Median (IQR) | 15.8 (12.9–19.1) | 14.6 (9.7‐16.4) | 15.6 (12.0‐18.4) | ||||
| >15 n (%) | 30 (41.1) | 13 (61.9) | 43 (45.7) | ||||
| <21 n (%) | 11 (15.1) | 0 (0.0) | 11 (11.7) | ||||
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | n (%) | 120 (77.4) | 35 (22.6) | 155 | 0.6‐1.6 | .048 | |
| Median (IQR) | 1.4 (1.0–2.4) | 1.8 (1.2‐6.0) | 1.5 (1.0‐2.8) | ||||
| >0.6; n (%) | 6 (5.0) | 1 (2.9) | 7 (4.5) | ||||
| <1.6; n (%) | 44 (36.6) | 21 (60.0) | 49 (31.6) | .014 | |||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | n (%) | 112 (77.8) | 32 (22.2) | 144 | 63‐118 | .022 | |
| Median (IQR) | 160 (118‐219) | 125 (96‐161) | 149 (112‐212) | ||||
| >63; n (%) | 2 (1.8) | 4 (12.5) | 6 (4.2) | .007 | |||
| <118; n (%) | 84 (75.0) | 17 (53.1) | 101 (70.1) | .017 | |||
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | n (%) | 83 (79.8) | 21 (20.2) | 104 | 8–80 | .862 | .802 |
| Median (IQR) | 92 (46‐186) | 86 (34‐297) | 91 (44‐253) | ||||
| < 80; n (%) | 46 (55.4) | 11 (52.4) | 57 (54.8) | ||||
| Total calcium (mg/dL) | n (%) | 107 (78.1) | 30 (21.9) | 137 | 9.0‐10.9 | .601 | .765 |
| Mean (SD) | 9.4 (±1.3) | 9.3 (±1.2) | 9.3 (±1.3) | ||||
| > 9.0; n (%) | 42 (39.3) | 11 (36.7) | 53 (38.7) | ||||
| <10.9; n (%) | 11 (10.3) | 2 (6.7) | 13 (9.5) | ||||
| Free (ionized) calciumd (mmol/L) |
n (%) | 66 (78.6) | 18 (21.4) | 84 | 0.8‐1.4 | .396 | |
| Mean (SD) | 1.1 (±0.2) | 1.0 (±0.2) | 1.1 (±0.2) | ||||
| >0.8; n (%) | 3 (4.5) | 4 (22.2) | 7 (8.3) | .016 | |||
| < 1.4; n (%) | 2 (3.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.02) | 1.000 | |||
| Urea (mg/dL) | n (%) | 112 (76.7) | 34 (23.3) | 146 | 38.5‐70.6 | .252 | .523 |
| Median (IQR) | 55 (39‐125) | 75.3 (45‐164) | 62 (39‐130) | ||||
| >38.5; n (%) | 27 (24.1) | 7 (20.6) | 34 (23.3) | ||||
| <70.6 n (%) | 47 (42.0) | 18 (52.9) | 65 (44.5) | ||||
| BHBA (mmol/L) | n (%) | 43 (79.6) | 11 (20.4) | 54 | 0.0‐0.47 | .957 | .940 |
| Median (IQR) | 0.37 (0.1‐0.9) | 0.32 (0.1‐0.7) | 0.37 (0.1‐1.0) | ||||
| <0.47 n (%) | 19 (44.2) | 5 (45.5) | 24 (44.4) | ||||
| Phosphorus (mg/dL) | n (%) | 113 (77.4) | 33 (22.6) | 146 | 3.2‐6.3 | .067 | .138 |
| Median (IQR) | 4.7 (3.7‐7.1) | 5.5 (4.0‐8.8) | 4.8 (3.7‐7.7) | ||||
| >3.2; n (%) | 10 (8.8) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (6.8) | ||||
| <6.3; n (%) | 32 (28.3%) | 13 (39.4) | 45 (30.8) |
BHBA, beta hydroxybutyric acid; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.
Normally and non‐normally distributed variables are presented as mean (SD) or median (IQR), respectively. For each variable, the number (%) of cases above and below reference interval are also presented.
Comparisons of quantitative variables between survivors and nonsurvivors. When the Bonferroni method was employed for correcting for the significance level for 144 comparisons made in this study, the adjusted significance level was .00034, rendering all results statistically insignificant.
The frequencies of cats within, above and below reference intervals were compared between groups by the χ2 or the Fisher exact tests, and when significant, post hoc pair‐wise analyses were made to determine which frequency was significantly different.
Free (ionized) calcium was measured in 58/84 cats, at presentation, and in 26/84, later during hospitalization.