Table 1.

Chemical compounds isolated from Chinese Hawthorn.

Classification	No.	Chemical component	Part of Plant	Reference
Flavonoids	1	Apigenin	Leaves	[6]
	2	Luteolin	Leaves	[7]
	3	Orientin	Leaves	[8]
	4	Isoorientin	Leaves	[8]
	5	Vitexin	Flower	[9]
	6	Vitexin rhamnoside	Flower	[9]
	7	Isovitexin	Leaves	[10]
	8	Hyperoside	Leaves	[11]
	9	Pinnatifinoside A	Leaves	[12]
	10	Pinnatifinoside B	Leaves	[12]
	11	Pinnatifinoside C	Leaves	[12]
	12	Pinnatifinoside D	Leaves	[12]
	13	Pinnatifinoside I	Leaves	[12]
	14	3′′′, 4′′′-di-O-Acetyl-2′′-O-α-rhamuosylvitexin	Leaves	[13]
	15	Schaftoside	Leaves	[14]
	16	Isoschaftoside	Leaves	[14]
	17	Neoschaftoside	Leaves	[14]
	18	Neoisoschaftoside	Leaves	[14]
	19	Cratenacin	Leaves	[15]
	20	Acetylvitexin	Flower	[16]
	21	Crataequinone B	Leaves	[17]
	22	Kaempferol	Leaves	[18]
	23	Quercetin	Leaves	[11]
	24	Bioquercetin	Leaves	[9]
	25	Herbacetin	Leaves	[19]
	26	Santin	Leaves	[19]
	27	5-Hydroxyauranetin	Leaves	[19]
	28	Rutin	Leaves	[17]
	29	8-Methoxykaempferol	Flower	[9]
	30	Pinnatifidin	Flower	[20]
	31	Kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside	Leaves,Fruit	[21]
	32	8-Methoxykaempferol 3-neohesperidoside	Leaves,Fruit	[21]
	33	Naringenin-5,7-di-glucoside	Leaves	[22]
	34	Eriodictyol-5,3′-di-glucoside	Leaves	[22]
	35	(+)-Taxifolin	Leaves	[23]
	36	(+)-Taxifolin 3-O-arabinopyranoside 3-O-arabinopyranoside	Leaves	[23]
	37	(+)-Taxifolin 3-O-xylopyranoside	Leaves	[23]
	38	Crateside	Leaves	[24]
	39	(+)-Catechin	Leaves	[13]
	40	(−) E-picatechin	Leaves	[13]
	41	Leucocyanidin	Fruit	[25]
	42	Proanthocyanidin A2	Leaves, Flower	[26]
	43	Procyanidin B2	Leaves, Flower	[26]
	44	Procyanidin B4	Leaves, Flower	[26]
	45	Procyanidin B5	Leaves, Flower	[26]
	46	Procyanidin C1	Leaves, Flower	[26]
	47	Procyanidin D1	Leaves, Flower	[26]
	48	Epicatechin-(4β→6)-Epicatechin-(4β→8)- epicatechin	Leaves, Flower	[26]
	49	Epicatechin-(4β→8)- epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin	Leaves, Flower	[26]
	50	Procyanidin E1	Leaves, Flower	[26]
Triterpenoids & Steroids	51	Ursolic acid	Fruit	[27]
	52	2α,3β,19α-trihydroxyl ursolic acid	Leaves	[28]
	53	Corosolic acid	Fruit	[29]
	54	Cuneataol	Fruit	[30]
	55	Cycloartenol	Stem, Leaves	[31]
	56	Uvaol	Fruit	[27]
	57	Oleanolic acid	Seeds	[32]
	58	Maslinic acid	Fruit	[29]
	59	Butyrospermol	Stem, Leaves	[31]
	60	24-Methylene-24-dihydrolanosterol	Stem, Leaves	[31]
	61	Betulin	Fruit	[27]
	62	18,19-seco,2α,3β-Dihydroxy-19-oxo-urs-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid	Leaves	[33]
	63	β-Sitosterol	Fruit	[34]
	64	β-Daucosterol	Fruit	[34]
	65	Stigmosterol	Fruit	[34]
	66	24-Methylene-24-dihydrolanosterol	Stem, Leaves	[31]
Monoterpenes & sesquiterpenes	67	3,9-Dihydroxymegastigma-5-ene	Leaves	[33]
	68	(3S,5R,6R,7E)-Megatsigmane-7-ene-3-hydroxy-5, 6-epoxy-9-O-β-d-glucopyranoside	Leaves	[33]
	69	(3R,5S,6S,7E,9S)-Megastigman-7-ene-3,5,6,9-tetrol 9-O-β-d-glucopyranoside	Leaves	[35]
	70	(6S,7E,9R)-6,9-Dihydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one 9-O-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1′′→6′)-β-d-glucopyranoside]	Leaves	[35]
	71	Linarionoside C	Leaves	[36]
	72	Linarionoside A	Leaves	[36]
	73	Linarionoside B	Leaves	[36]
	74	3β-d-Glucopyranosyloxy-β-ionone	Leaves	[36]
	75	Icariside B6	Leaves	[36]
	76	Pisumionoside	Leaves	[36]
	77	(3S,5R,6R,7E,9R)-3,6-Epoxy-7-megastigmen-5,9-diol-9-O-β-d-glucopyranoside	Leaves	[36]
	78	(6S,7E,9R)-Roseoside	Leaves	[36]
	79	(6R,9R)-3-Oxo-α-ionol-9-O-β-d-glucopyranoside	Leaves	[36]
	80	4-[4β-O-β-d-Xylopyranosyl-(1′′→6′)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl]-butan-2-one	Leaves	[35]
	81	(3S,9R)-3,9-Dihydroxy-megastigman-5-ene 3-O-primeveroside	Leaves	[35]
	82	(3R,5S,6S,7E,9S)-Megastiman-7-ene-3,5,6,9-tetrol	Leaves	[35]
	83	1β,9α-Dihydroxyeudesm-3-en-5β,6α,7α,11α H-12,6-olide	Fruit	[37]
	84	(5Z)-6-[5-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl] -3-methylhexa-1,5-dien-3-ol	Leaves	[35]
	85	(5Z)-6-[5-(2-O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-propan-2-yl)-2-methyl tetrahydrofur-an-2-yl]-3-methylhexa-1,5-dien-3-ol	Leaves	[35]
	86	5-Ethenyl-2-[2-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1′′→6′)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-propan-2-yl]-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-ol	Leaves	[35]
	87	Gibberellic acid	Fruit	[38]
Lignans	88	(2,3-Dihydro-2-(4-O-β-d-glueopyranosyl-3-methoxy-Phenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-5-(3-hydroxypropyl)-7-methoxybenzofuran)	Leaves	[39]
	89	Shanyenoside A	Leaves	[40]
	90	(7S,8R)-Urolignoside	Leaves	[36]
	91	(−)-2a-O-(β-d-Glucopyranosyl)- lyoniresinol	Leaves	[36]
	92	Tortoside A	Leaves	[36]
	93	Verbascoside	Leaves	[36]
	94	Acernikol-4′′-O-β- d-glucopyranoside	Leaves	[36]
	95	erythro-1-(4-O-β-d-Glucopyranosyl-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]-1,3-propanediol	Leaves	[36]
	96	(7S, 8R)-5-Methoxydihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β- d-glucopyranoside	Leaves	[36]
	97	Pinnatifidanin C I	Seeds	[41]
	98	Pinnatifidanin C II	Seeds	[41]
	99	Pinnatifidanin C III	Seeds	[41]
	100	Pinnatifidanin C IV	Seeds	[41]
	101	Pinnatifidanin C V	Seeds	[41]
	102	Pinnatifidanin C VI	Seeds	[40]
	103	Pinnatifidanin C VII	Seeds	[41]
	104	Pinnatifidanin C VIII	Seeds	[41]
	105	Pinnatifidanin B I	Seeds	[42]
	106	Pinnatifidanin B II	Seeds	[42]
	107	Pinnatifidanin B III	Seeds	[42]
	108	Pinnatifidanin B IV	Seeds	[42]
	109	Pinnatifidanin B V	Seeds	[42]
	110	Pinnatifidanin B VI	Seeds	[42]
	111	Pinnatifidanin B VII	Seeds	[42]
	112	Pinnatifidanin B VIII	Seeds	[42]
	113	Pinnatifidanin B IX	Seeds	[42]
Hydroxycinnamic acids	114	Chlorogenic acid	Leaves	[19]
	115	β-Coumaric acid	Fruit	[38]
	116	Caffeic acid	Fruit	[38]
	117	Ferulic acid	Fruit	[38
Organic acids	118	Benzoic acid	Leaves	[33]
	119	(p-Hydroxyphenyl) benzoic acid	Seed	[43]
	120	Gallic acid	Seed	[43]
	121	Protocatechuic acid	Seed	[43]
	122	Anisic acid	Fruit	[38]
	123	Vanillic acid	Fruit	[38]
	124	Syringic acid	Fruit	[38]
	125	Gentisic acid	Fruit	[38]
	126	Malic acid	Fruit	[44]
	127	Citric acid	Fruit	[44]
	128	Quinic acid	Fruit	[44]
	129	Pyruvic acid	Fruit	[44]
	130	Tartaric acid	Fruit	[44]
	131	Succinic acid	Fruit	[34]
	132	Fumaric acid	Seed	[32]
	133	Ascorbic acid	Shoot	[45]
	134	2-(4-Hydroxy-2-benzyl) malic acid	Seed	[32]
	135	Palmitic acid	Fruit	[46]
	136	Stearic acid	Fruit	[46]
	137	Oleic acid	Fruit	[46]
	138	Linoleic acid	Fruit	[46]
Nitrogenous compounds	139	Isobutylamine	Leaves	[47]
	140	Ethylamine	Leaves	[47]
	141	Dimethylamine	Leaves	[47]
	142	Trimethylamine	Leaves	[47]
	143	Isoamyl amine	Leaves	[47]
	144	Ethanolamine	Leaves	[47]
	145	Choline	Leaves	[47]
	146	Acetylcholine	Leaves	[47]
	147	Spermindine	Leaves	[47]
	148	O-Methoxyphenethylamine	Leaves	[47]
	149	Tyramine	Leaves	[47]
	150	Phenylethylamine	Leaves	[47]
Other compounds	151	Hentriacontane	Fruit	[27]
	152	Hexadecanoic acid, octaconsyl ester	Fruit	[27]
	153	Eicosanoic acid, octatriacontyl ester	Fruit	[27]
	154	Nonacosan-10-ol	Fruit	[27]
	155	2,8-Dihydroxy-3,4,7-trimethoxydibenzofuran	Bark, sapwood	[48]
	156	(Z)-3-hexenyl-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1′′→6′)-β-d-glucopyranoside	Leaves	[35]
	157	(Z)-3-Hexenyl-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1′′→6′)-β-d-glucopyranoside	Leaves	[35]
	158	(Z)-3-Hexenyl-O-β-d-rhamnopyranosyl-(1′′→6′)-β-d-glucopyranoside	Leaves	[35]