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. 2014 Apr 15;19(4):4681–4694. doi: 10.3390/molecules19044681

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© 2014 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

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Comparison of the five extraction methods for obtaining flavonoids and FA. (1) W, water extraction; (2) W+U, water extraction using UAE; (3) E, 75% ethanol extraction; (4) E+U, 75% ethanol extraction using UAE; (5) SFE, supercritical CO₂ extraction. a, b, c describe bioactive compound levels: a, the highest then the others; c, the lowest then the others; b, middle of a and c.