Table 1.
Means ± SD of % of egg conversion (PEC), hatching % (HP), and product effectiveness (PE) for engorged females of R. microplus treated with the ethanol (EtOH) extract of G. kunthiana fruits and phases obtained from its partition—namely, aqueous (H2O), hexane, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) and hydromethanolic (MeOH-H2O) phases at different concentrations.
| Extract/Phases | Concentration (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.05 | |||||||
| PEC | HP | PE | PEC | HP | PE | PEC | HP | PE | |
| EtOH | 2.6 ± 1.5 * | 8.9 ± 1.2 * | 99.5 ± 0.3 * | 18.7 ± 6.4 * | 23.3 ± 8.8 * | 90.2 ± 6.8 * | 33.2 ± 3.4 * | 16.2 ± 7.7 * | 89.0 ± 4.1 * |
| H2O | 55.7 ± 3.7 | 93.4 ± 2.8 | 1.5 ± 3.5 | 53.7 ± 6.7 | 97.8 ± 2.3 | 4.0 ± 1.1 | 54.8 ± 1.2 | 95.6 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 1.8 |
| Hexane | 0.0 ± 0.0 * | 0.0 ± 0.0 * | 100.0 ± 0.0* | 4.1 ± 7.1 * | 4.8 ± 8.2 * | 98.8 ± 2.0 * | 5.6 ± 5.2 * | 9.7 ± 8.7 * | 98.3 ± 1.7 * |
| CH2Cl2 | 47.1 ± 4.6 | 91.4 ± 3.8 | 9.6 ± 3.3 | 48.6 ± 2.2 | 94.1 ± 6.3 | 2.5 ± 1.1 | 48.3 ± 2.2 | 98.3 ± 2.8 | 4.1 ± 1.9 |
| MeOH-H2O | 52.0 ± 2.2 | 92.7 ± 1.3 | 16.5 ± 4.1 | 48.9 ± 3.5 | 97.2 ± 2.5 | 17.6 ± 7.9 | 53.3 ± 1.0 | 96.9 ± 2.7 | 10.7 ± 1.0 |
ANOVA; Tukey post-hoc comparison; * p < 0.05; Control: PEC = 55.4% ± 3.9%; HP = 98.3% ± 4.6%.