Protective effect of hispidin on palmitate-induced oxidative stress in C2C12 myotubes. (A) Intracellular ROS scavenging activity of hispidin on palmitate-treated C2C12 myotubes. Cells were treated with 1 to 200 μM hispidin or 100 μM Vitamin C (Vc) for 8 h, and then 1 mM palmitate was added for 16 h. The intracellular ROS generation was measured by DCF-DA methods. Data represent the mean ± standard error of three independent experiments. *
p < 0.05, as compared with only BSA group, #
p < 0.05, as compared with PA group, ##
p < 0.05, as compared with PA group. (B) Fluorescence microscopic images of cells stained for ROS (magnification 400×). (C) DNA condensation of C2C12 myotubes was detected by Hoechst 33342 staining. DNA condensation in cells was stained with Hoechst 33342 solution and visualized using a fluorescent microscope (magnification 100×). BSA, bovine serum albumin; PA, palmitate; Vc, Vitamin C.