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Hypothetical pathway of laccase-catalyzed biotransformation of curcumin. (1) Curcumin; (2) O-centered curcumin radical; (3) C-centered curcumin radical; (4,5) C-centered radicals in the alkenyl chain of curcumin; (6,7) intermediate 1,2-endoperoxides of the curcumin radical; (8) Vanillin; (9) Ferulic acid.
