Table 1.
Cloned sialyltransferases and their involvement in human cancers.
| Sialyltransferases | Acceptor Sequence(s)/(Carrier Type) | Types of Cancers in Which the Altered Expression Observed | References ** |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST3Gal I | Galβ1-3GalNAc *, Galβ1-3GlcNAc/(O-glycans, glycolipids) | Breast, bladder, colon | [20,21,22] |
| ST3Gal II | Galβ1-3GalNAc/(O-glycans, glycolipids) | Prostate, colon | [22,23] |
| ST3Gal III | Galβ1-3*/4GlcNAc(N-glycans, O-glycans, glycolipids) | Stomach, pancreas, extrahepatic bile duct, cervix | [24,25,26,27] |
| ST3Gal IV | Galβ1-3GalNAc, Galβ1-3/4*GlcNAc/(N-glycans, O-glycans, glycolipids) | Renal cell, stomach | [28,29] |
| ST3Gal V | Galβ1-4Glc/(glycolipids) | Pediatric leukemia | [30] |
| ST3Gal VI | Galβ1-3/4*GlcNAc/(N-glycans, O-glycans, glycolipids) | ||
| ST6Gal I | Galβ1-4GlcNAc/(N-glycans) | Colon, breast, cervix, choriocarcinomas, acute myeloid leukemias, liver, brain | [18,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40] |
| ST6Gal II | Galβ1-4GlcNAc/(N-glycans) | ||
| ST6GalNAc I | Galβ1-3GalNAc/(O-glycans) | Stomach, pancreas, colon, ovary, breast | [15,41,42,43,44] |
| ST6GalNAc II | Galβ1-3GalNAc/(O-glycans) | Colon | [42,45] |
| ST6GalNAc III | Galβ1-3GalNAc, GM1b/(O-glycans, glycolipids) | ||
| ST6GalNAc IV | Galβ1-3GalNAc, GM1b/(O-glycans, glycolipids) | ||
| ST6GalNAc V | GM1b/(glycolipids) | Colon, breast | [46,47] |
| ST6GalNAc VI | GM1b, GT1b/(glycolipids) | Colon | [48] |
| ST8Sia I | GM3/(glycolipids) | Breast cancer, pediatric acute leukemia | [30,49] |
| ST8Sia II | Sia2-3/6/8Galβ1-4GlcNAc/(N-glycans) | Liver | [37] |
| ST8Sia III | GT3, Siaα2-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc/(N-glycans, glycolipids) | Glioblastoma | [50] |
| ST8Sia IV | Sia2-3/6/8Galβ1-4GlcNAc/(N-glycans) | ||
| ST8Sia V | GD3, GM1b GD1a, GT1b, GQ1c/(glycolipids) |
* The preferred acceptor sequence; ** The authors apologize to many researchers, whose outstanding papers are not cited here due to a space limitation.