Table 2.
Total phenol contents, total tannins, total anthocyanins and flavan-3-ol monomers, dimers and trimer characterisation in EAQ and EA70 grape pomace skin extracts.
| Skins-EAQ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GRE2 a | SYR1 a | SYR2 a | CAR a | MOU a | ALI a | |
| TPC | 109.72 ± 0.19c | 146.50 ± 1.19e | 71.88 ± 0.08a | 120.83 ± 1.12d | 102.27 ± 0.38b | 196.71 ± 0.37f |
| Total tannins | 112.28 ± 2.67b | 156.63 ± 2.63c | 86.36 ± 1.86a | 161.61 ± 1.32c | 104.79 ± 2.00b | 221.4 ± 3.47d |
| Total anthocyanins | 8.70 ± 0.01c | 16.01 ± 0.01d | 1.76 ± 0.01a | 14.62 ± 0.75d | 5.65 ± 0.01b | 21.40 ± 0.20e |
| Proanthocyanidins composition: | ||||||
| C | 0.764 ± 0.003a | 1.415 ± 0.012c | 0.523 ± 0.057a | 1.013 ± 0.003b | 0.656 ± 0.011a | 2.027 ± 0.127d |
| EC | 0.285 ± 0.001a | 1.043 ± 0.012b | 0.370 ± 0.032a | 0.352 ± 0.008a | 0.377 ± 0.001a | 1.368 ± 0.088c |
| Σ Monomers | 1.050 ± 0.002ab | 2.460 ± 0.020c | 0.890 ± 0.060a | 1.360 ± 0.010b | 1.030 ± 0.010ab | 3.400 ± 0.1500d |
| B1 | 0.621 ± 0.002ab | 0.918 ± 0.008b | 0.368 ± 0.003a | 0.736 ± 0.007b | 0.618 ± 0.002ab | 0.908 ± 0.172b |
| B2 | 0.410 ± 0.002a | 0.660 ± 0.006bc | 0.363 ± 0.038a | 0.433 ± 0.009a | 0.568 ± 0.004b | 0.771 ± 0.048c |
| B3 | 0.278 ± 0.003a | 0.387 ± 0.007a | 0.175 ± 0.006a | 0.277 ± 0.010a | 0.288 ± 0.007a | 0.345 ± 0.115a |
| B4 | Nd | Nd | Nd | Nd | Nd | 0.317 ± 0.091 |
| Σ Dimers | 1.310 ± 0.002ab | 1.960 ± 0.004bc | 0.910 ± 0.030a | 1.450 ± 0.020ab | 1.470 ± 0.010ab | 2.340 ± 0.300c |
| C1 | 0.469 ± 0.000ab | 0.817 ± 0.012b | 0.344 ± 0.082a | 0.537 ± 0.002ab | 0.547 ± 0.125ab | 0.665 ± 0.146ab |
| Skins-EA70 | ||||||
| GRE2 a | SYR1 a | SYR2 a | CAR a | MOU a | ALI a | |
| TPC | 195.15 ± 0.28c | 224.92 ± 0.18f | 173.58 ± 0.08a | 203.47 ± 0.83d | 219.88 ± 0.18e | 188.94 ± 0.69b |
| Total tannins | 256.07 ± 3.65a | 312.46 ± 10.77bc | 250.17 ± 7.07a | 345.34 ± 4.18c | 268.6 ± 11.68ab | 232.65 ± 3.14a |
| Total anthocyanins | 53.66 ± 0.83a | 86.68 ± 1.71b | 45.38 ± 0.20a | 88.44 ± 0.59b | 46.64 ± 0.39a | 54.41 ± 2.66a |
| Proanthocyanidins composition: | ||||||
| C | 1.420 ± 0.005a | 2.287 ± 0.100b | 2.094 ± 0.045b | 1.440 ± 0.002a | 1.522 ± 0.021a | 5.084 ± 0.026c |
| EC | 0.441 ± 0.003a | 1.363 ± 0.008b | 1.101 ± 0.195b | 0.443 ± 0.003a | 0.658 ± 0.001a | 2.626 ± 0.005c |
| Σ Monomers | 1.860 ± 0.001a | 3.650 ± 0.080c | 3.190 ± 0.110b | 1.880 ± 0.003a | 2.180 ± 0.020a | 7.710 ± 0.020d |
| B1 | 0.915 ± 0.006a | 1.266 ± 0.009b | 1.190 ± 0.164ab | 1.140 ± 0.013ab | 1.150 ± 0.011ab | 2.589 ± 0.004c |
| B2 | 0.396 ± 0.021a | 0.635 ± 0.008c | 0.602 ± 0.008bc | 0.388 ± 0.021a | 0.566 ± 0.001b | 1.284 ± 0.001d |
| B3 | 0.297 ± 0.001b | 0.292 ± 0.003b | 0.360 ± 0.001c | 0.265 ± 0.003a | 0.305 ± 0.002b | 0.603 ± 0.011d |
| B4 | Nd | Nd | Nd | Nd | Nd | 0.350 ± 0.000 |
| Σ Dimers | 1.610 ± 0.010a | 2.190 ± 0.003c | 2.150 ± 0.110c | 1.790 ± 0.030ab | 2.020 ± 0.010bc | 4.830 ± 0.010d |
| C1 | 0.336 ± 0.002a | 0.435 ± 0.001ab | 0.662 ± 0.133b | 0.307 ± 0.002a | 0.371 ± 0.004a | 0.629 ± 0.003b |
a GRE2, Grenache; SYR1 and SYR2, Syrah; CAR, Carignan; MOU, Mourvèdre, ALI, Alicante. In units of mg GAE/g DW of skins for TPC and mg/g DW of skins for total tannins, total anthocyanins and the quantification of proanthocyanidins. Data are expressed as the mean of triplicate ± standard deviation. TPC, total phenol contents; C, (+)-Catechin; EC, (–)-Epicatechin; B1, B2; B3, B4, Procyanidin dimers B1, B2; B3, B4; C1, procyanidin trimers C1. Σ Monomers, sum of catechin and epicatechin; Σ Dimers, sum of B1, B2, B3 and B4; C1, trimer C1; Nd, Not determined. a, b, c, d, e, f; ANOVA was made to compare values obtain between varieties for the same compound. Same letters indicate no significant differences between the value (Tukey’s test, p < 0.05).