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Effect of Tan-IIA1, Sal-A and Sal-B on the ANE-induced release of TGF-β and activation of TGF-β/Smads pathway. HaCaT cells were exposed to ANE (12.5 μg/mL), with or without Tan-IIA1 (6.25 μM), Sal-A (3.125 μM) and Sal-B (12.5 μM) for 48 h. The supernatants and cells were collected and used in ELISA (A) and Western blot assays (B), respectively. n = 3, * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 vs. the FCS + ANE group.
