Table 1.
Composition and identification of volatiles of leaves, aerial stems, and underground stems for Houttuynia cordata Thunb by fast GC/SAW and HS-SPME-GC-MS.
| Peak No. | Compound | Houttuynia cordata Thunb | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leaves | Aerial Stems | Underground Stems | |||||||
| GC/SAW | HS-SPME | GC/SAW | HS-SPME | GC/SAW | HS-SPME | ||||
| a | cis-3-Hexenal | 1.1(14.81) | 0.3 (3.85) | 2.1(12.78) | - | 0.9(3.71) | - | ||
| 1 | Hexanal | - | 0.3(31.33) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 2 | 2-Hexenal | - | 1.2(22.09) | - | - | - | - | ||
| b | 3-Hexen-1-ol | 3.5(9.75) | 2.5(10.80) | 0.2(4.68) | 1.1(6.67) | - | - | ||
| 3 | α-Thujene | - | 0.1(8.93) | - | 0.2(9.01) | - | 0.2(5.56) | ||
| c | α-Pinene | 8.3(3.28) | 0.2(6.48) | 4.2(4.39) | 5.3(4.31) | - | 15.3(6.10) | ||
| d | Camphene | - | - | 0.6(3.14) | 1.8(3.16) | 1.9(17.06) | 1.3(3.99) | ||
| e | Sabinene | 0.8(13.09) | 3.0(4.64) | 2.1(9.92) | 4.5(4.92) | 3.2(1.49) | 6.9(2.23) | ||
| f | β-Pinene | 0.3(14.28) | 0.3(5.86) | - | 4.0(7.11) | 1.5(2.81) | 28.8(3.07) | ||
| g | β-Myrcene | 15.8(5.71) | 26.2(8.39) | 23.3(9.32) | 48.1(10.76) | 33.9(10.50) | 14.3(7.21) | ||
| 4 | δ-3-Carene | - | 0.1(30.34) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 5 | α-Terpinene | - | 0.1(12.78) | - | 0.1(8.98) | - | 0.1(7.95) | ||
| 6 | p-Cymene | - | 0.1(9.81) | - | 0.4(6.23) | - | 0.2(4.61) | ||
| h | Limonene | 0.6(12.57) | 0.1(8.61) | 2.3(7.47) | 4.0(5.13) | 17.4(8.06) | 9.4(4.33) | ||
| i | cis-Ocimene | 18.4(5.93) | 18.2(2.33) | 11.1(14.55) | 6.6(4.63) | 15.9(16.93) | 0.2(2.15) | ||
| 7 | trans-Ocimene | - | 0.5(21.92) | - | 0.2(15.73) | - | 0.2(13.76) | ||
| 8 | γ-Terpinene | - | 0.1(2.81) | - | 0.2( 3.45) | - | 0.2(1.09) | ||
| 9 | trans-Sabinene hydrate | - | - | - | - | - | t | ||
| j | α-Terpinolene | 0.1(4.02) | - | 0.9(15.06) | - | 0.8(14.96) | 0.5(5.67) | ||
| 10 | cis-Sabinene hydrate | - | - | - | - | - | t | ||
| 11 | Nonanal | - | 0.2(11.95) | - | 0.1(13.32) | - | t | ||
| 12 | 2,6-Dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene | - | 0.1(5.35) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 13 | neo-allo-Ocimene | - | 0.3(5.30) | - | 0.1(3.94) | - | - | ||
| 14 | 1-Nonanol | - | 0.1(9.66) | - | 0.1(5.31) | - | 0.1(6.11) | ||
| 15 | Terpinene-4-ol | - | 0.1(10.14) | - | 0.1(8.83) | - | 0.1(4.31) | ||
| k | Decanal | 36.8(11.58) | 26.8(49.82) | 15.7(15.00) | 1.4(30.23) | 1.2(1.46) | 0.1(15.36) | ||
| 16 | α-Fencyl acetate | - | - | - | - | - | t | ||
| 17 | β-Cyclocitral | - | 0.3(24.19) | - | 0.1(19.12) | - | 0.3(17.42) | ||
| 18 | Thymyl methyl ether | - | - | - | - | - | t | ||
| 19 | Citral | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1(9.53) | ||
| 20 | 1-Decanol | - | 0.8(50.12) | - | 0.2(35.29) | - | - | ||
| l | Bornyl acetate | 1.7(6.75) | 0.2(12.92) | 17.4(8.06) | 9.3(9.54) | 14.6(9.16) | 7.2(6.63) | ||
| m | 2-Undecanone | 1.3(10.49) | 0.7(9.56) | - | 0.7(8.90) | - | 2.3(7.19) | ||
| 21 | Undecanal | - | 1.3(1.66) | - | 0.3(4.73) | - | 0.1(3.71) | ||
| 22 | α-Cyclogeranyl acetate | - | 0.9(26.34) | - | 0.4(17.71) | - | 0.8(15.03) | ||
| 23 | 5-Methyl-3-(1-methyl-ethenyl)cyclohexene | - | 0.2(20.98) | - | 0.1(19.01) | - | 0.3(13.77) | ||
| 24 | 1-Methyl-3-(1-methyl-ethenyl)cyclohexene | - | 0.1(16.37) | - | 0.1(25.93) | - | 0.2(15.79) | ||
| 25 | α-Terpinenyl acetate | - | - | - | 0.1(23.01) | - | 0.4(19.04) | ||
| 26 | Neryl acetate | - | t | - | 0.1(20.01) | - | 0.2(15.90) | ||
| n | Geranyl acetate | - | 2.5(34.74) | 10.4(2.45) | 1.6(23.63) | 3.1(7.94) | 1.1(29.07) | ||
| 27 | β-Elemene | - | 0.1(27.35) | - | 0.1(26.17) | - | 0.1(21.45) | ||
| o | Lauraldehyde | 3.5(7.69) | 4.4(50.59) | - | 0.4(35.12) | - | 0.1(43.17) | ||
| p | β-Caryophyllene | 7.8(8.73) | 5.5(34.50) | 9.7(9.31) | 6.6(40.31) | 5.6(11.87) | 5.1(30.01) | ||
| 28 | Aromadendrene | - | t | - | - | - | - | ||
| 29 | β-Farnesene | - | 0.2(48.56) | - | 0.2(37.81) | - | 0.1(40.48) | ||
| 30 | α-Humulene | - | 0.3(37.04) | - | 0.3(40.89) | - | 0.3(33.67) | ||
| 31 | Azulene | - | - | - | 0.1(26.38) | - | 0.4(22.93) | ||
| 32 | Germacrene-D | - | 0.2(55.55) | - | 0.1(43.10) | - | t | ||
| 33 | α-Farnesene | - | 0.2(54.50) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 34 | Aromadendrene | - | 0.1(41.41) | - | 0.1(47.17) | - | 2.2(38.38) | ||
| 35 | allo-Aromadendrene | - | 0.2(46.97) | - | 0.1(39.05) | - | - | ||
| 36 | Bicyclogermacrene | - | 0.9(56.26) | - | - | - | - | ||
| 37 | α-Selinene | - | - | - | 0.7(41.42) | - | 0.7(42.59) | ||
| 38 | δ-Cadinene | - | t | - | - | - | - | ||
| 39 | Caryophyllene oxide | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1(27.67) | ||
(-) Not detected; t, <0.05%. % Figures are their relative proportions as percent of total area, %(RSD), n = 3. The characteristic compounds are indicated in bold. H. cordata Thunb which are from Anmyeon Island, South Korea was used. Column: DB-624 (6% cyanopropyl phenyl polydimethylsiloxane, 1 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 µm) fused silica capillary column was used by GC/SAW. Ultra 2 (5% phenyl polydimethylsiloxane, 25 m × 0.25 mm × 0.33 µm) fused silica capillary column was used by HS-SPME-GC-MS. Sampling time: The headspace vapor of sample was swept into the trap inside the system at 25 °C for 1 s by GC/SAW. The SPME fiber was exposed to the headspace above the sample vial at 25 °C for 1 h by HS-SPME-GC-MS.