Table 2.
Clinical trials on the effects of resveratrol on cognitive function.
| Reference or ID (Location) | Study Design | Resveratrol Preparation and Dose [Other Medication] | Duration | Subjects n
Age Disorder/Status |
Purpose Outcome Measures | Main Results | Adverse Events | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kennedy et al. [111] (Newcastle upon Tyne, UK) | R, DB, PC, CO | Trans-resveratrol from Biotivia Bioceuticals (Vienna, Austria) 250 mg or 500 mg | 21 days | 24 18–25 years Healthy 9 further subjects underwent bioavailability assessment |
To investigate the ability to modulate mental function and increase cerebral blood flow | Cognitive function not affected. Increase in cerebral flow |
Not assessed | Published |
| Wong et al. [112] (Adelaide, Australia) ACTRN12611000060943 | R, DB, PC, CO | Resvida (resveratrol 75 mg/day) | 12 weeks | 28 45–70 years Obese but otherwise healthy |
Effects of resveratrol on circulatory function and cognitive performance in obese adults | Increase of circulatory function. No effects on blood pressure, arterial compliance, and cognitive function |
Resveratrol appears safe and well tolerated | Published |
| Witte et al. [113] (Berlin, Germany) | R, DB, PC, | Resveratrol 200 mg/day in a formula with quercetin | 26 weeks | 46 50–80 years Healthy overweight |
To investigate the ability to enhance cognitive performance | Significant retention of memory, significant increase of hyppocampal FC, improvement of glucose metabolism | Not assessed | Published |
| Wightman et al. [114] (Newcastle upon Tyne, UK) | R, DB, PC, CO | Trans-resveratrol 250 mg/day or trans-resveratrol 250 mg/day with 20 mg piperine | 21 days | 23 19–34 years Healthy 6 healthy men underwent bioavailability assessment |
To assess if piperine affects the efficacy and bioavailability of resveratrol | Piperine henances the effect of resveratrol on cerebral blood flow but not the cognitive performance and bioavailability | Not assessed | Published |
| Turner et al. [115] (Georgetown, USA) NCT01504854 | R, DB, PC, MC Phase 2 | Resveratrol 500 mg/day with dose excalation by 500 mg increments ending with 2 g/day | 52 weeks | 119 >49 years Mild-to-moderate AD |
To assess safety and efficacy | Decrease of CSF and plasma Aβ40 levels. No significant effects on cognitive score |
Resveratrol appears safe and well tolerated | Published |
| Wong et al. [116] ACTRN12614000891628 (Newcastle, Australia) | R, DB, PC, CO Phase 2 | Resvida 75 mg/day, 150 mg/day, 300 mg/day | 4 weeks | 36 40–80 years Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
Improvement of cerebrovascular responsiveness | Increase of cerebrovascular responsiveness | None | Published |
| NCT00743743 [117] (Milwaukee, WI, USA) | R, DB, PC Phase 3 | Longevinex brand resveratrol supplement (resveratrol 215 mg/day) | 52 weeks | 50 50–90 years Mild-to-moderate AD on standard therapy |
Effects on cognitive and global functioning | ------- | ------- | Withdrawn prior to enrollment |
| NCT00678431 [118] (Bronx, NY, USA) | R, DB, PC Phase 3 | Resveratrol with glucose and malate | 12 months | 27 50–90 years Mild-to-moderate AD |
To assess the ability to slow the progression of AD | Not available | Not available | Completed in June 2011 |
| NCT01126229 [119] (Gainesville, FL, USA) | R, DB, PC Phase 1 | Resveratrol 300 mg/day or 1000 mg/day | 12 weeks | 32 ≥65 years old |
To assess the longer-term safety (3 months) and efficacy on age-related health conditions | Not available | Resveratrol appears safe and well tolerated [120] | Completed in December 2012 |
| NCT01794351 [121] (Newcastle upon Tyne, UK) | R, DB, PC, CO | Trans-resveratrol 500 mg in unique dose | 14 days | 50 18–35 years Healthy |
To assess the potential cognitive enhancement | Not available | ------- | Completed in December 2012 |
| NCT01219244 [122] (Berlin, Germany) | R, DB, PC Phase 4 | Resveratrol or omega-3 supplementation or caloric restriction | 6 months | 330 50–80 years MCI |
Effects on brain functions | ------- | ------- | Recruiting |
| NCT01766180 [123] (Lutherville, MD, USA) | R, DB, PC | ResVida (resveratrol 150 mg/day) alone or associated with Fruitflow a-II 150 mg/day | 3 months | 80 50–80 years Subjects with memory impairment |
Efficacy in treating memory problems | ------- | ------- | Recruiting |
| NCT02621554 [124] (Leipzig, Germany) | R, DB, PC Phase 2/Phase 3 | Resveratrol (dose not reported) | 12 months | 60 ≥50 years Healthy or with subjective memory complaints |
Effects on memory and on brain structures and functions | ------- | ------- | Recruiting |
| NCT02502253 [125] (Baltimore, MD, USA) | R, DB Phase 1 | Bioactive Dietary Polyphenol Preparation (BDPP) at low, moderate and high dose | 4 months | 48 55–85 years MCI |
Safety and efficacy in treating mild cognitive impairment and prediabetes | ------- | ------- | Recruiting |
| ACTRN12611001288910 [126] (Hawthorn, Australia) | R, DB, PC, CO Phase 1/Phase 2 | 100mg of grape derived resveratrol in 100ml red wine | 8 days (washout 7 days) | 20 ≥65years Healthy |
To assess the effect of resveratrol in red wine on cognitive function in older adults | ------- | ------- | Recruitment completed |
a tomato extract. ID, Identifier; AD, Alzheimer disease; MCI, Mild Cognitive Impairment; R, randomized; DB, double blind; PC, placebo controlled; CO, cross over; MC, multicenter; FC, functional connectivity; CSF, Cerebrospinal fluid.