Table 4.
Phytotoxic activity of the essential oil P. harmala from Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia against radicle elongation of R. sativus, L. sativum and R. graveolens, 120 h after sowing. Data are expressed in cm. Results are expressed as the mean of three experiments ± standard deviation.
| Radicle Elongation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R. sativus | Algeria | Egypt | Libya | Morocco | Tunisia |
| Control | 4.7 ± 2.8 | 4.7 ± 2.8 | 4.7 ± 2.8 | 4.7 ± 2.8 | 4.7 ± 2.8 |
| 100 μg/mL | 2.1 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 3.1 | 3.6 ± 2.4 | 2.4 ± 1.3 | 3.1 ± 2.1 |
| 50 μg/mL | 4.1 ± 1.1 | 3.0 ± 2.6 | 2.0 ± 1.7 | 3.8 ± 2.8 | 3.5 ± 2.2 |
| 25 μg/mL | 4.1 ± 2.1 | 4.1 ± 2.8 | 5.2 ± 3.4 | 4.5 ± 2.1 | 4.0 ± 2.1 |
| 12.5 μg/mL | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 4.3 ± 1.8 | 4.1 ± 3.4 | 4.1 ± 3.9 | 3.3 ± 2.3 |
| L. sativum | |||||
| Control | 5.9 ± 3.8 | 5.9 ± 3.8 | 5.9 ± 3.8 | NT | 5.9 ± 3.8 |
| 100 μg/mL | 1.6 ± 1.7 | 4.6 ± 4.2 | 4.5 ± 3.5 | NT | 4.2 ± 1.1 |
| 50 μg/mL | 1.8 ± 2.0 | 3.2 ± 0.9 | 2.6 ± 1.1 | NT | 2.5 ± 1.5 |
| 25 μg/mL | 2.6 ± 3.6 | 4.5 ± 1.3 | 0.9 ± 1.3 | NT | 2.5 ± 3.6 |
| 12.5 μg/mL | 3.4 ± 0.7 | 4.3 ± 2.3 | 1.7 ± 2.0 | NT | 1.6 ± 1.6 |
| R. graveolens | |||||
| Control | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | NT | 1.3 ± 0.7 |
| 100 μg/mL | 0.5 ± 0.2 **** | 0.4 ± 0 **** | 0.4 ± 0.3 **** | NT | 0.5 ± 0.3 **** |
| 50 μg/mL | 0.4 ± 0.2 **** | 0.5 ± 0.2 **** | 0.6 ± 0.3 **** | NT | 0.5 ± 0.2 **** |
| 25 μg/mL | 0.7 ± 0.1 **** | 0 | 0.5 ± 0.2 **** | NT | 0.4 ± 0.3 **** |
| 12.5 μg/mL | 0.5 ± 0.3 **** | 0 | 0.6 ± 0.3 **** | NT | 0.8 ± 0.3 **** |
Note: **** p < 0.0001 vs. control; NT (not tested).