Table 4.

Percentage and level of contamination in different countries and commodities relative to B₁ and B₂ fumonisins.

Country	Cereal	Contamination Range (ppb)	Samples	Incidence (%)	Samples Over Limits	Ref.
Argentina	Durum wheat	0.15–1304 *	40	77	-	[64]
	Maize	n.d.–498,212	3246	97.6	+(n.a.)	[46]
	Wheat	0.16–680 *	135	97	-	[64]
Brazil	Cereal mix	n.d.–1876 *	105	83.8	+(2%)	[65]
	Maize	66–7832 *	232	46.6	+(n.a.)	[66]
China	Maize	n.d.–22,362	146	39.7	+(1.4%)	[67]
	Wheat products	0.3–34.6 *	362	6.4	-	[68]
Croatia	Maize	n.d.–4438	63	90	+(1.6%)	[51]
	Wheat	n.d.–203	51	39	-
Egypt	Maize	59–1915 *	20	100	-	[62]
Guatemala	Maize	10–17100 *	640	98	+(20%)	[69]
Italy	Maize	n.d.–21007	140	97.8	+(25.6%)	[22]
Poland	Maize	59–1190 *	30	100	-	[56]
Syria	Wheat	n.d.–6 *	40	10	-	[58]
South Africa	Maize	10–33,260	288	30	+(16.6%)	[70]
Tanzania	Maize	16–18184 *	60	73	+(15%)	[59]

Limits are referred to European regulation, recommended limits are intended for sum of B₁ and B₂ fumonisin; n.d.: not detected; n.a.: data not available; * amount of B₁ fumonisin.