Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Preclinical studies of caffeine-mediated neuroprotective effects.
| Model | CAF-Mediated Protective Effects | Proposed Mechanisms Involved | Up/Down | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| In vivo | ||||
| THY-Tau22 Transgenic mouse | anti-inflammatory antioxidative | TNF-α, GFAP, MAPK, Nrf2, MnSOD |
↓ ↑ |
[170] |
| AD transgenic mouse model (Tg APPswe) | anti-amyloidogenic | PS1, BACE-1 | ↓ | [171] |
| APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice | anti-amyloidogenic | BDNF, TrkB | ↑ | [173] |
