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. 2016 Jun 22;21(6):806. doi: 10.3390/molecules21060806

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© 2016 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Scheme 2 — Polyketide synthesis catalyzed by R. palmatum ALS, A. arborescens PKS3, A. arborescens PCS, and A. arborescens OKS. (A) ALS or PKS3 catalyzes the condensation of one unit of acetyl-CoA and six units of malonyl-CoA, generating 2-acetonyl-7-hydroxy-5-methylchromone; (B) PCS catalyzes the condensation of one unit of acetyl-CoA and four units of malonyl-CoA, generating 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methylchromone; (C) OKS catalyzes the condensation of one unit of acetyl-CoA and seven units of malonyl-CoA to form SEK4 and SEK4b. Acetyl-CoA is biosynthesized from decarboxylation of malonyl-CoA.