| 2′OMe | 2′-O-methyl |
| AO | antisense oligonucleotides |
| DMEM | Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium |
| DMD | Duchenne muscular dystrophy |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| EDTA | ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| HPLC | high-performance liquid chromatography |
| LCMS | liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry |
| LNA | locked nucleic acid |
| MNA | morpholino nucleic acid |
| MS | mass spectrometry |
| NMR | nuclear magnetic resonance |
| PNA | peptide nucleic acid |
| PMO | phosphorodiamidate morpholino |
| PS | phosphorothioate |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid |
| RT-PCR | reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction |
| UNA | unlocked nucleic acid |