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. 2018 Oct 26;19(11):3334. doi: 10.3390/ijms19113334

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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KM modulates the expression of both pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in GMCs treated with AGEs. Effects of KM on AGE-induced apoptosis-related protein. GMCs were treated with AGEs (160 μg/mL) and KM (10, 20, or 35 μM). (A) The protein levels of RAGE, Bax, Bcl-xL and Cytochrome c, as well as the cleavage of caspases-9, -3 and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), were examined by Western blot. + means adding reagents, − means not joining (B) The results were presented as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, vs. AGE group; ^# p < 0.05, vs. control group.