Figure 1.

Viral titer of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)-infected cells. (A) Real-time qRT-PCR analysis of miR-221-5p expression at 24 h post-infection. Data were normalized to U6 expression. (B) Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were infected with PEDV CV777, and MARC-145 cells were infected with CH/HBTS/2017 at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1. After 24 h, we determined the tissue culture infectious dose (TCID₅₀) value associated with the viral titer. (C) Immunofluorescence analysis of intracellular PEDV N protein levels at 24 h post-infection. Cells were fixed and stained with DAPI (blue), with green representing PEDV N protein staining. Scale bar = 40 µm. Comparisons between groups were determined by Student’s t test. *** p < 0.001.