NFKBIA and SOCS1 are miR-221-5p targets. (A) Schematic representation of base pairing between miR-221-5p and the 3′ UTRs of Macaca mulatta NFKBIA (also known as IκBα), PDLIM2, NKIRAS1, NSFL1C, and SOCS1. (B) Luciferase activity in 293T cells co-transfected with miR-221-5p and plasmids containing the 3′ UTRs of NFKBIA, PDLIM2, NKIRAS1, NSFL1C, and SOCS1, respectively, for 48 h. Data were normalized against firefly luciferase activity. (C) Immunoblot analysis of NFKBIA and SOCS1 levels in MARC-145 cells transfected with 50 nM miR-221-5p mimics or MC for 24 h, and infected PEDV CH/HBTS/2017 at an MOI of 0.1 for 24 h. Intensity representing NFKBIA and SOCS1 levels (right) normalized against that for β-actin across three independent experiments. (D) Luciferase activity in 293T cells co-transfected with miR-221-5p and plasmids containing NFKBIA and SOCS1 3′ UTRs. Comparisons between groups were determined by Student’s t test. ** p < 0.01. *** p < 0.001.