Figure 1.

Diagram depicting inflammatory airway diseases in circles (allergic asthma, COPD and bronchiectasis), which all show airway inflammation with involvement of various cell types and the main cytokines (red rectangles), and current common therapies (green/blue rectangles) used for their treatment. Abbreviations: SABA, short-acting β₂-adrenoreceptor agonists; LABA, long-acting β₂-adrenoreceptor agonists; MABA, dual muscarinic antagonist-β₂-agonist compounds; PDE4, phosphodiesterase 4; SAMA, short-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists, LAMA, long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists; ICS, inhaled corticosteroids; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.