Table 2.
CD4 cell count and CD4% at the start of cART and the percentage of children starting cART with severe immunodeficiency by country income group. In the imputed analysis, 52,153 children were included and in the complete case analysis 34,363
| Percentage of children missing both CD4 count and CD4% measurements | Median CD4 cell count at start of cART in cells/μL of children 5 years and older | Median CD4% at start of cART in cells/μL of children younger than 5 years | Percentage of children starting cART with severe immunodeficiency | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete case | Imputed data | Complete case | Imputed data | Complete case | Imputed data | |||||||||
| Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | |
| Low‐income | ||||||||||||||
| Benin | 15% | 19% | 161 | 146 | 159 | 146 | 20 | 24 | 15 | 17 | 67% | 58% | 65% | 54% |
| Burkina Faso | 27% | 28% | 314 | 284 | 314 | 280 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 14 | 52% | 54% | 53% | 54% |
| Cambodia | 4% | 5% | 180 | 213 | 162 | 195 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 70% | 68% | 68% | 63% |
| Congo, DR | 17% | 18% | 302 | 217 | 302 | 218 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 37% | 46% | 38% | 46% |
| Haiti | 9% | 5% | 255 | 248 | 255 | 252 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 46% | 48% | 48% | 49% |
| Kenya | 19% | 18% | 281 | 277 | 281 | 278 | 15 | 14 | 16 | 15 | 45% | 47% | 46% | 49% |
| Malawi | 76% | 79% | 249 | 262 | 249 | 259 | 16 | 14 | 15 | 14 | 46% | 53% | 47% | 54% |
| Mali | 8% | 6% | 210 | 169 | 214 | 169 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 59% | 62% | 61% | 66% |
| Mozambique | 44% | 47% | 369 | 427 | 368 | 402 | 8 | 16 | 14 | 14 | 35% | 53% | 59% | 69% |
| Rwanda | 28% | 26% | 279 | 283 | 277 | 283 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 33% | 33% | 37% | 36% |
| Tanzania, UR | 39% | 40% | 160 | 122 | 151 | 117 | 40 | 45 | 28 | 13 | 65% | 67% | 49% | 67% |
| Togo | 36% | 34% | 377 | 366 | 386 | 375 | ‐ | ‐ | 16 | 15 | 40% | 38% | 51% | 49% |
| Uganda | 24% | 25% | 151 | 150 | 151 | 150 | 15 | 14 | 16 | 14 | 64% | 68% | 64% | 68% |
| Zimbabwe | 29% | 31% | 233 | 217 | 231 | 214 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 14 | 45% | 49% | 48% | 54% |
| Overall (IQR) | 30% | 30% | 254 (119 to 418) | 243 (94 to 411) | 253 (120 to 411) | 244 (99 to 410) | 15 (10 to 22) | 14 (10 to 20) | 16 (11 to 22) | 14 (10 to 20) | 46% | 50% | 48% | 53% |
| Lower middle‐income | ||||||||||||||
| Cote d'Ivoire | 22% | 25% | 279 | 293 | 284 | 311 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 51% | 56% | 50% | 52% |
| Ghana | 29% | 24% | 257 | 237 | 257 | 231 | ‐ | ‐ | 12 | 14 | 46% | 43% | 57% | 60% |
| India | 7% | 14% | 227 | 193 | 227 | 193 | 10 | 14 | 10 | 14 | 48% | 63% | 48% | 63% |
| Indonesia | 13% | 10% | 57 | 63 | 49 | 63 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 7 | 81% | 82% | 82% | 83% |
| Lesotho | 31% | 32% | 270 | 262 | 256 | 251 | 22 | 16 | 19 | 16 | 44% | 47% | 46% | 50% |
| Senegal | 37% | 30% | 221 | 264 | 213 | 267 | 16 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 49% | 51% | 56% | 58% |
| Vietnam | 10% | 11% | 164 | 117 | 163 | 119 | 16 | 14 | 15 | 13 | 62% | 67% | 62% | 67% |
| Zambia | 23% | 21% | 265 | 259 | 264 | 261 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 49% | 52% | 50% | 54% |
| Overall (IQR) | 22% | 21% | 261 (120 to 447) | 254 (115 to 444) | 262 (121 to 447) | 259 (116 to 449) | 16 (11 to 23) | 15 (10 to 21) | 16 (11 to 22) | 15 (10 to 21) | 50% | 54% | 51% | 55% |
| Upper middle‐income | ||||||||||||||
| Brazil | 19% | 15% | 444 | 299 | 443 | 297 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 33% | 40% | 32% | 42% |
| Malaysia | 20% | 17% | 77 | 177 | 77 | 175 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 73% | 64% | 72% | 65% |
| Peru | 22% | 23% | 267 | 68 | 270 | 205 | ‐ | ‐ | 16 | 20 | 48% | 80% | 46% | 52% |
| South Africa | 29% | 30% | 220 | 218 | 223 | 225 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 54% | 56% | 54% | 55% |
| Thailand | 14% | 13% | 112 | 67 | 112 | 64 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 64% | 72% | 64% | 72% |
| Overall (IQR) | 26% | 27% | 193 (70 to 353) | 183 (46 to 342) | 200 (75 to 361) | 196 (52 to 356) | 17 (11 to 23) | 16 (11 to 23) | 17 (11 to 23) | 15 (10 to 23) | 56% | 58% | 55% | 57% |
| High‐income | ||||||||||||||
| France | 9% | 8% | 283 | 416 | 310 | 416 | 36 | 34 | 35 | 35 | 29% | 28% | 26% | 27% |
| Netherlands | 18% | 18% | 310 | 320 | 310 | 320 | 24 | 18 | 22 | 19 | 36% | 39% | 32% | 40% |
| Spain | 21% | 27% | 323 | 389 | 286 | 368 | 29 | 25 | 29 | 26 | 35% | 38% | 32% | 33% |
| United Kingdom | 17% | 16% | 272 | 253 | 270 | 251 | 20 | 17 | 20 | 17 | 39% | 48% | 40% | 48% |
| United States | 1% | 1% | 484 | 441 | 484 | 441 | 31 | 28 | 31 | 28 | 18% | 24% | 18% | 24% |
| Overall (IQR) | 10% | 11% | 350 (206 to 608) | 342 (154 to 597) | 341 (196 to 590) | 331 (152 to 590) | 28 (17 to 38) | 24 (14 to 33) | 27 (17 to 37) | 24 (14 to 33) | 28% | 35% | 28% | 35% |
cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; IQR, interquartile range.