Table 1.

Characteristics of participants with diabetes.

	All participants with diabetesa (n = 376,528)	CHDb (n = 51,848)	No CHD (n = 324,680)
Demographics
Age(±SD)	66.35(9.41)	69.87(8.64)	65.79(9.4)
Male (%)	40.5	58.73	37.58
Race(%)
Black	5.59	4.02	5.84
Hispanic	3.44	2.56	3.58
Asian	2.78	2.13	2.88
Native American	3.55	4.22	3.45
Other	0.8	0.8	0.8
Medical history
Hypertensionc(%)	74.58	82.89	73.25
No medications	5.70	4.37	5.92
Medications	68.8	78.5	67.3
Smoking(%)
Current	25.81	29.68	25.19
Former	26.27	38.27	49.47
Never	47.92	32.05	25.34
High cholesterold(%)	73.04	85.4	71.07
No medications	16.0	9.71	17.0
Medications	57.1	75.7	54.1
Obesitye(%)	48.0	46.1	48.3
Sedentaryf(%)	54.28	55.07	54.15
Family history of CVDg(%)	27.38	45.18	24.55
Diabetes medications(%)
Diet controlled	21.99	16.87	22.81
Oral medication	59.43	59.24	59.46
Insulin	18.58	23.89	17.73

^aDiabetes: diabetes mellitus defined as self-reported physician diagnosis or use of glucose lowering agents.

^bCHD: coronary heart disease defined as prior myocardial infarction or prior coronary revascularization (coronary artery bypass, angioplasty, or percutaneous coronary intervention).

^cHypertension: defined as self-reported physician diagnosis or medication use.

^dHigh cholesterol: defined as self-reported physician diagnosis or medication use.

^eObesity: BMI >30 kg/m².

^fSedentary: did not report vigorous exercise in their leisure time at least once per week.

^gFamily history of cardiovascular disease (CVD): defined as self-reported first-degree relative with history of heart attack, stroke or procedure or surgery to increased blood flow to the legs prior to the age.