Table 2.
Features of participants with and without sarcopenia
| Women | Men | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without sarcopenia | With sarcopenia | p | Without sarcopenia | With sarcopenia | p | |
| Sarcopenia defined as an appendicular lean body mass index cutoff point 5.6 for women and 7.5 for men and a handgrip z score < − 1 | ||||||
| Number of participants | 101 | 5 | 75 | 11 | ||
| Total physical activity (MET-minutes/week) c | 742 (330–1589)b | 495 (438–1836) | NS | 1244 (693–2139) | 594 (258–1836) | NS |
| Peak oxygen uptake (ml/min/kg) d | 14.4 ± 5.6a | 7.0 ± 2.2 | < 0.01 | 22.0 ± 8.3 | 15.6 ± 3.7 | 0.02 |
| Peak respiratory exchange ratio (VCO2/VO2) d | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | NS | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | NS |
| Peak workload (Watt) d | 93.2 ± 47.2 | 38.4 ± 9.8 | 0.01 | 171.1 ± 79.3 | 103.0 ± 56.5 | < 0.01 |
| Gross muscle efficiency (%)d | 23.5 ± 7.7 | 23.0 ± 6.9 | NS | 23.0 ± 3.8 | 21.8 ± 6.7 | NS |
| Physical activity level (Total/Resting energy expenditure) e | 1.47 ± 0.22 | 1.33 ± 0.12 | NS | 1.77 ± 0.38 | 1.57 ± 0.18 | NS |
| Activity energy expenditure (Kcal/day) e | 445 (282–646) | 221 (149–331) | 0.03 | 926 (590–1533) | 649 (447–706) | 0.04 |
| Sarcopenia defined as an appendicular lean body mass index cutoff point 5.6 for women and 7.5 for men | ||||||
| Number of participants | 88 | 18 | 58 | 28 | ||
| Total physical activity (MET-minutes/week) | 731 (325–1570)b | 808 (372–2319) | NS | 1152 (678–2333) | 1248 (454–1981) | NS |
| Peak oxygen uptake (ml/min/kg) | 15.2 ± 5.5 | 8.8 ± 3.5 | < 0.01 | 24.1 ± 7.7 | 15.1 ± 5.2 | < 0.01 |
| Peak respiratory exchange ratio (VCO2/VO2) | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | NS | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | NS |
| Peak workload (Watt) | 100.5 ± 44.9 | 42.1 ± 25.2 | < 0.01 | 194.6 ± 70.2 | 95.8 ± 53.3 | < 0.01 |
| Gross muscle efficiency (%) | 24.1 ± 7.5 | 19.9 ± 7.2 | 0.03 | 23.5 ± 3.5 | 21.4 ± 5.3 | 0.03 |
| Physical activity level (Total/Resting energy expenditure) | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | NS | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | NS |
| Activity energy expenditure (Kcal/day) | 461 (285–742) | 304 (221–416) | < 0.01 | 1008 (635–1619) | 671 (541–811) | < 0.01 |
| Sarcopenia defined as a z score for handgrip strength <= − 1 | ||||||
| Number of participants | 61 | 45 | 63 | 23 | ||
| Total physical activity (MET-minutes/week) | 742 (264–1928) | 720 (400–1589) | NS | 1547 (738–2346) | 693 (330–1695) | < 0.01 |
| Peak oxygen uptake (ml/min/kg) | 12.7 ± 5.4 | 16.0 ± 5.6 | < 0.01 | 22.6 ± 8.4 | 17.4 ± 6.2 | < 0.01 |
| Peak respiratory exchange ratio (VCO2/VO2) | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | NS | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | NS |
| Peak workload (Watt) | 77.4 ± 45.0 | 108.4 ± 45.5 | < 0.01 | 175.9 ± 78.6 | 125.4 ± 72.6 | < 0.01 |
| Gross muscle efficiency (%) | 22.3 ± 8.4 | 24.9 ± 6.2 | NS | 23.3 ± 3.7 | 21.7 ± 5.4 | NS |
| Physical activity level (Total/Resting energy expenditure) | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | NS | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 0.02 |
| Activity energy expenditure (Kcal/day) | 367 (250–555) | 517 (295–754) | NS | 951 (613–1619) | 665 (448–943) | 0.01 |
a= mean ± standard deviation b = median (interquartile range)
c= International physical activity questionnaire. d= Exercise calorimetry. e = 72 h actigraph