Table 4.
Effects of maternal dietary arginine supplementation during pregnancy on litter size and birth weights of piglets in swine
| Authors | Parity of sow | Supple- mental arginine (% of diet or g/sow per day) | Period of arginine supple- mentation | Feed intake per day (kg) | CP content in diet (%) | Energy content in diet (ME; MJ/ kg) | Arginine content in basal diet (%) | Lysine content in basal diet (%) | Placental weight during early- to mid- gestationa or at birthb | Litter size of viable fetuses or live-born piglets | Litter weight of viable fetuses or live-born piglets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bérard and Bee (2010) | 1 | 0.87% | d 14–28 | 3.0 | 14.3 | 11.5 | 1.07 | 0.88 | No effecta | ↑ by 3.7 per litter |
↑ by 32% per litter |
| 21.7 g | |||||||||||
| Campbell (2009) | 1 and MP |
1% | d 14–28 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ↑ by 1 per litter |
↑ by 6.4% per litter |
| 25 g | |||||||||||
| De Blasio et al. (2009) | 1 | 1% | d 17–33 | 2.5 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ↑ by 1.2 | ND |
| 25 g | |||||||||||
| Gao at al. (2012) | 1 andMP | 0.83%16.6 g | d 22–114 | 2.0 (d 22–90)3.0 (d 90–114) | 13.2 | 13.0 | 0.88 | 0.65 | ↑ by 16%b | ↑ by 1.1 per litter |
↑ by 11% per litter |
| Li (2014) | 1 | 0.40% | d 14–25 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 12.9 | 0.70 | 0.57 | ↑ by 34%b | ↑ by 2.2 per litter |
No effect |
| 8.0 g | |||||||||||
| Li (2014) | 1 | 0.80% | d 14–25 | 2.0 | 12.0 | 12.9 | 0.70 | 0.57 | ↑ by 21%b | ↑ by 1.7 per litter |
No effect |
| 16.0 g | |||||||||||
| Mateo at al. (2007) | 1 | 0.83% | d 30–114 | 2.0 | 12.2 | 13.0 | 0.70 | 0.58 | ND | ↑ by 2.0 per litter |
↑ by 24% per litter |
| 16.6 g | |||||||||||
| Ramaekers (2006) | 1 andMP | 1% | d 14–28 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ↑ by 1 per litter |
ND |
| 25 g | |||||||||||
| Wu at al. (2012) | MP | 0.83% | d 90–114 | 2.0 | 14.7 | 13.5 | 0.80 | 0.78 | ND | No effect | ↑ by 16% per litter |
| 16.6 g |
ME = metabolizable energy; ND = not determined; MP = multiparous; ↑ = increase.