Table 2.
Estimated Mean Annual Expenditures for the Group Reporting All Needs Met vs the Group Reporting No Needs Met, After Adjusting for Group Differences
| 12 months pre referral | 12 months post referral | Change (post–pre) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Meana | SE | Meana | SE | Mean difference | SE | % change | P value |
| All needs met | $23,553 | $990 | $20,952 | $879 | −$2601 | $735 | −11% | 0.0004 |
| Needs were not met | $17,338 | $824 | $17,180 | $901 | −$158 | $817 | −1% | 0.86 |
| Between group difference | $6215 | $3772 | −$2443 | $1058 | −10% | 0.04 | ||
| Professional Services | ||||||||
| All needs met | $4687 | $176 | $4069 | $170 | −$617 | $175 | −13% | 0.0004 |
| Needs not met | $3733 | $240 | $3388 | $146 | −$345 | $228 | −9% | 0.13 |
| Between group difference | $954 | $681 | −$273 | $288 | −4% | 0.34 | ||
| Inpatient | ||||||||
| All needs met | $8237 | $751 | $6018 | $620 | −$2219 | $489 | −27% | <.0001 |
| Needs not met | $6287 | $497 | $5226 | $509 | −$1061 | $641 | −17% | 0.1 |
| Between group difference | $1950 | $792 | −$1158 | $806 | −10% | 0.15 | ||
| Outpatient | ||||||||
| All needs met | $3660 | $221 | $2937 | $177 | −$723 | $203 | −20% | 0.0004 |
| Needs not met | $2461 | $223 | $2362 | $193 | −$99 | $227 | −4% | 0.66 |
| Between group difference | $1199 | $575 | −$624 | $305 | −16% | 0.04 | ||
| Emergency Department | ||||||||
| All needs met | $1273 | $72 | $1295 | $86 | $22 | $73 | 2% | 0.77 |
| Needs not met | $815 | $71 | $843 | $89 | $28 | $65 | 3% | 0.66 |
| Between group difference | $459 | $452 | −$6 | $98 | −1% | 0.95 | ||
| Prescription Drugs | ||||||||
| All needs met | $5696 | $309 | $6632 | $353 | $936 | $291 | 16% | 0.001 |
| Needs not met | $4042 | $331 | $5361 | $487 | $1319 | $418 | 33% | 0.002 |
| Between group difference | $1654 | $1271 | −$383 | $509 | −17% | 0.45 | ||
a
Mean and standard error (SE) were obtained from the generalized estimating equation model. Model adjusts for age, sex, race/ethnicity, state of residence, metropolitan status, comorbidity, case management enrollment, and type of health plan.