Figure 4.

Antibiofilm effects of the materials tested.

Notes: Mean of log₁₀ numbers of the viable cells (CFU/peg) in MRSA (A) and E. coli (B) biofilms counted by spot plating of the dispersed cells from the pegs after neutralization. The error bars represent the standard errors of the means. The data shown are representative of two separate experiments. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 indicate significant differences compared with the control using Student’s t-test (two-tailed, unequal variance).

Abbreviations: C, control; CFU, colony-forming units; E. coli, Escherichia coli; G, gentamicin; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; SiO₂-G, Silica–gentamicin.