For women with hereditary thrombophilia and a history of RPL, we suggest not to use antithrombotic prophylaxis unless in the context of research, or if indicated for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention (Skeith et al., 2016). | Conditional ⊕⊕○○ |
For women who fulfil the laboratory criteria of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and have a history of three or more pregnancy losses, we suggest administration with low dose aspirin (75–100 mg/day), starting before conception, and a prophylactic dose heparin (unfractionated heparin [UFH] or low molecular weight heparin [LMWH]) starting at date of a positive pregnancy test, over no treatment (Empson et al., 2005; Mak et al., 2010; Ziakas et al., 2010). | Conditional ⊕○○○ |
The guideline development group (GDG) suggests offering anticoagulant treatment for women with two pregnancy losses and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), only in the context of clinical research. | GPP |