TABLE 4.
Risk of neuroblastoma associated with birth measurements, Apgar score, and other neonatal conditions by age at diagnosis.
| All neuroblastoma (n=245) | Diagnosis before 1 year (n=106) | Diagnosis at 1 year or older (n=139) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| Controls No. | Cases No. | OR (95% CI)1 | Controls No. | Cases No. | OR (95% CI) | Controls No. | Cases No. | OR (95% CI) | |
|
| |||||||||
| Birth weight (grams) | |||||||||
| < 2500 | 43 | 9 | 1.05 (0.51, 2.19) | 19 | 5 | 1.33 (0.49, 3.64) | 24 | 4 | 0.83 (0.28, 2.45) |
| 2500 - <4500 | 1132 | 225 | 1.00 | 489 | 96 | 1.00 | 643 | 129 | 1.00 |
| ≥ 4500 | 47 | 10 | 1.07 (0.53, 2.18) | 21 | 4 | 0.97 (0.32, 2.89) | 26 | 6 | 1.15 (0.46, 2.91) |
| unknown | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | |||
|
| |||||||||
| 1-minute Apgar score | |||||||||
| >7 | 1148 | 217 | 1.00 | 500 | 89 | 1.00 | 648 | 128 | 1.00 |
| ≤ 7 | 70 | 24 | 1.82 (1.12, 2.98) | 26 | 14 | 3.07 (1.53, 6.18) | 44 | 10 | 1.15 (0.56, 2.36) |
| Unknown | 7 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | |||
|
| |||||||||
| 5-minute Apgar score | |||||||||
| >7 | 1197 | 235 | 1.00 | 516 | 99 | 1.00 | 681 | 136 | 1.00 |
| ≤ 7 | 15 | 4 | 1.39 (0.45, 4.26) | 7 | 2 | 1.62 (0.33, 7.92) | 8 | 2 | 1.26 (0.26, 6.17) |
| Unknown | 13 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 1 | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Respiratory distress | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| No | 1213 | 239 | 1.00 | 523 | 101 | 1.00 | 695 | 139 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 12 | 6 | 2.66 (0.96, 7.41) | 7 | 5 | 4.20 (1.19, 14.8) | 5 | 1 | |
|
| |||||||||
| Supplemental oxygen therapy | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| No | 1208 | 241 | 1.00 | 522 | 103 | 1.00 | 686 | 138 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 17 | 6 | 1.18 (0.40, 3.50) | 8 | 3 | 1.88 (0.50, 7.09) | 9 | 1 | |
|
| |||||||||
| Jaundice | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| No | 1125 | 227 | 1.00 | 490 | 99 | 1.00 | 635 | 128 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 100 | 18 | 0.89 (0.53, 1.51) | 40 | 7 | 0.86 (0.37, 2.00) | 60 | 11 | 0.91 (0.46, 1.79) |
|
| |||||||||
| Hemolytic disease with kernicterus | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| No | 1217 | 240 | 1.00 | 526 | 104 | 1.00 | 691 | 136 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 8 | 5 | 3.13 (1.02, 9.57) | 4 | 2 | 2.51 (0.46, 13.7) | 4 | 3 | 3.77 (0.84, 16.8) |
|
| |||||||||
| Hemolytic disease without kernicterus | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| No | 1183 | 234 | 1.00 | 515 | 103 | 1.00 | 668 | 131 | 1 |
| Yes | 42 | 11 | 1.34 (0.67, 2.69) | 15 | 3 | 1.00 (0.28, 3.56) | 27 | 8 | 1.55 (0.67, 3.59) |
|
| |||||||||
| Any birth defect | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| No | 1168 | 232 | 1.00 | 505 | 98 | 1.00 | 663 | 134 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 57 | 13 | 1.15 (0.62, 2.15) | 25 | 8 | 1.67 (0.72, 3.86) | 32 | 5 | 0.77 (0.29, 2.03) |
|
| |||||||||
| Cardiac defects | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| No | 1217 | 243 | 1.00 | 525 | 105 | 1.00 | 692 | 138 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 8 | 2 | 1.26 (0.26, 6.17) | 5 | 1 | 3 | 1 | ||
|
| |||||||||
| Limb anomalies | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| No | 1200 | 241 | 1.00 | 516 | 102 | 1.00 | 684 | 139 | |
| Yes | 25 | 4 | 0.80 (0.28, 2.30) | 14 | 4 | 1.43 (0.47, 4.34) | 11 | 0 | |
1
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.