Fig. 1.

(A) 3D rendering of 112-element 500-kHz transducer with angles of each ring relative to the array axis indicated. A light source and camera were placed coaxially along the 90°-axis of the array. For all experiments, aberrators were placed between the array and the focus such that the focal region could be imaged and measured with a hydrophone. (B) High-level overview of receive-capable histotripsy system. A pre-existing histotripsy array was retrofitted with receiver components (dashed line boxes) including the nonlinear voltage compressor, ADCs, and FPGA/SoC-controlled custom receiver.