Table 1.

The changes in FDG-PET in sCJD patients reported from literature.

Literature	Population	Number/Sex	Age range	Clinical features	FDG-PET findings
Henkel K,2002 [11]	Germany	8 (5F 3M)	35–78 years	dementia, cerebellar, myoclonus, pyramidal/extrapyramida, visual, speech	spread hypometabolism in CJD, with a reduction of cerebral glucose metabolism in at least one temporal or parietal region
Engler H,2003[12]	Sweden	9(5F 4M)	56 ± 8 years	dementia, aphasia, apraxia, ataxia, myoclonus, rigidity, chorea, akinetic mutism, pyramidal symptoms	pronounced regional decrease in glucose brain metabolism, which were most pronounced in the cerebellum and the frontal, occipital and parietal cortices
Hamaguchi T,2005[13]	Japan	8(4F 4M)	30–75 years	dementia, ataxia, and pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs	thalamic hypoperfusion or hypometabolism on cerebral blood flow
Okamura N,2010 [14]	Japan	2(1F 1M)	58–63 years	subacutely progressive dementia, gait disturbance, psychotic symptoms, dysarthria and myoclonus	no obvious retention of BF-227 with positron emission tomography
Zhang WJ,2011 [15]	USA	1F	72 year	falls, ataxia, bizarre behavior and rapid cognitive deterioration	basal ganglia and patchy cortical hypometabolism
Zhang Y,2012 [16]	USA.	1F	58 year	left-sided decreased sensation, ataxia, and left “alien” hand and leg.	hypoperfusion and hypometabolism in the right frontoparietal cortices, including the primary sensorimotor cortex, and temporal cortex
Xing XW,2012 [17]	China	14 (6F 8M)	36–68 years	NA	hypometabolism was observed in the basal ganglia in 12 patients (85.71%), and 8 patients (57.14%) had decreased FDG uptake in the thalamic nuclei on PET scans
Kim EJ, 2012 [18]	Korea	11 (6F 5M)	36–75 years	gait disturbance, visual disturbance, obtundation, dysarthria, memory impairment, tremor, dementia	decreased glucose metabolism in bilateral parietal, frontal, and occipital cortices.
Engler H, 2012 [19]	Uruguay	1M	64 year	dizziness, memory problems, disorientated, visual hallucinations, speech difficulties, ataxia, myoclonic jerks	extreme low glucose uptake in the left brain hemisphere
Zhao W,2013 [20]	China	57(24F33M)	36–75 years	sub-acute onset with progressive dementia	abnormalities of hypo-metabolism in the cerebral cortex were clearly detected by PET.
Renard D,2013 [3]	Belgium	9 (4 F 5M)	52–86 years	rigidity and dystonia, shuffling gait, postural tremor, Shuffling gait, monotone speech, chorea, bradykinesia	hypometabolism in the medial parietal cortex bilaterally, and in the left-sided lateral and medial frontal and the lateral parietal cortex
Furukawa F,2014 [21]	Japan	1 M	52 year	gait instability, gait unsteadiness, cognitive impairment, dysarthria and hallucinations	low glucose metabolism in the thalami and cerebellar cortices
Euskirchen P,2014 [22]	Germany	1F	65 year	gait disturbance and vertigo, difficulties to speak and write	reduced FDG metabolism in the basal ganglia with spatial correlation to MR lesions
Ortega-Cubero S, 2015 [23]	Spain	9 (2M7F)	39–77 years	psychological disorder, cognitive impairment, cerebellar syndrome	characterised by a cortical-subcortical pattern
Prieto E,2015 [24]	Spain	12 (8F 4M)	39–77 years	psychiatric symptoms, ataxia, cognitive decline, vestibular symptoms	hypometabolism that affected both subcortical (bilateral caudate, thalamus) and cortical (frontal cortex) structures
Matias-Guiu JA,2017 [10]	Spain	1 M	80 year	gait disturbance, unsteadiness and weakness of right limbs, disturbance in smooth pursuit and saccadic ocular movements, mild hemiparesis and bilateral ataxia, spontaneous and action myoclonus	large regions of hypometabolism including left frontoparietal lobes as well as bilateral thalamus
Miyazawa N,2017 [25]	Japan	1M	78 year	memory impairment, severe aphasia and apraxia.	hypometabolism in the posterior cingulate and precuneus cortex, and putamen and caudate nucleus
Miyazawa N,2017 [25]	Japan	1F	68 year	myoclonus and disturbance of consciousness	hypometabolism in the same locations as the foci on MRI and in the cerebellum.
Renard D,2017 [26]	France	15 (10F 5M)	52–86 years	cerebellar ataxia, visual signs, pyramidal signs, myoclonus, limb apraxia, limb dystonia, sensory loss, parkinsonism, corticobasal syndrome	entire CJD group showed lateralized frontal and parietal hypometabolism
Mente KP, 2017 [27]	USA	8 (4F 4M)	2–32 years	dementia, insomnia, myoclonus, pyramidal ataxia, visual, behavior, extrapyramidal	(1) hypometabolism was found in a few regions, most frequently in the posterior cingulate gyrus and precuneus, both of which are in the parietal lobe. (2) hypermetabolism was identified in the limbic and mesolimbic structures, including insula, medial temporal lobe, nucleus accumbens, olfactory cortex, and parahippocampal gyrus.
Duignan J,2018 [28]	Ireland	1F	71 year	cognitive decline, progressive dysphasia and visual hallucinations.	hypometabolism in the temporal and parietal lobes with involvement of the posterior cingulate gyrus and precuneus bilaterall

sCJD, sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. FDG-PET, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. NA, not available.