Table 2.

Diabetes odds ratios for tertiles of various metrics of arsenic water concentrations

Arsenic metric	Arsenic level	Diabetes		Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted*  OR (95% CI)
		Yes	No
Cumulative exposure: 0 year lag (µg/L-years)	0–2416	70	281	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
	2417–8664	74	276	1.08 (0.75–1.55)	1.14 (0.78–1.66)
	≥8665	90	262	1.38 (0.97–1.97)	1.50 (1.03–2.19)
	p-trend			0.06	0.03
Cumulative exposure: 40 year lag (µg/L-years)	0–609	70	276	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
	610–5279	68	278	0.96 (0.66–1.40)	0.97 (0.66–1.43)
	≥5280	93	254	1.44 (1.01–2.06)	1.53 (1.05–2.23)
	p-trend			0.016	0.009
Highest year exposure: 0 year lag (µg/L)	0–60	85	326	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
	61–635	68	222	1.17 (0.82–1.69)	1.28 (0.88–1.85)
	≥636	81	271	1.15 (0.81–1.62)	1.28 (0.89–1.84)
	p-trend			0.63	0.25
Highest year exposure: 40 year lag (µg/L)	0–60	102	364	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
	61–286	49	176	0.99 (0.68–1.46)	1.04 (0.70–1.55)
	≥287	80	268	1.07 (0.76–1.49)	1.16 (0.82–1.64)
	p-trend			0.69	0.39
Average lifetime exposure: 0 year lag (µg/L)	0–38	74	276	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
	39–129	72	279	0.96 (0.67–1.39)	1.02 (0.70–1.48)
	≥130	88	264	1.24 (0.87–1.77)	1.43 (0.98–2.07)
	p-trend			0.16	0.04
Average exposure: 40 year lag (µg/L)	0–22	73	273	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
	23–222	74	272	1.02 (0.71–1.46)	0.99 (0.68–1.44)
	≥223	84	263	1.19 (0.84–1.71)	1.36 (0.93–1.97)
	p-trend			0.28	0.07

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; Ref, reference group

^*Adjusted for age (<60, 60–70, >70 years old), sex, BMI (<25, 25–30, ≥30 kg/m²), cancer status, smoking (never-smokers, >0 to <10, ≥10 cigarettes/day)