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. 2018 Nov 27;9:1692. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01692

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Copyright © 2018 Raby and Labéta.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Critical contribution of TLR2 and TLR4 to bacteria-induced peritoneal fibrosis development. (A,B) Wild-type (WT), TLR2 deficient (TLR2^-/-) or TLR4^-/- mice (n = 5 per group) were inoculated intraperitoneally 4 times at weekly intervals with S. epidermidis (S. epi., 5 × 10⁸ CFU/mouse) or Escherichia coli (E. coli, 2 × 10⁷ CFU/mouse) or left untreated (control). Four weeks after the last injection, histological analysis of the peritoneal membrane was conducted and the thickness of the sub-mesothelial compact zone (SMC, layer between the muscle and membrane surface) was determined. Bar plots show the mean ( ± SEM) of SMC thickness in each experimental group. ^∗P < 0.05; ^∗∗∗, P < 0.005. Adapted with permission from Raby et al. (2017).