Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis for DFS and OS in colorectal cancer.
| Characteristics | DFS | OS | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||||
| Number | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | Number | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age | 1.26 (0.79-2.01) | 0.34 | 1.23 (0.83-1.81) | 0.30 | ||||||
| ≤ 56 | 174 (49.2) | 213 (50.5) | ||||||||
| > 56 | 180 (50.8) | 209 (49.5) | ||||||||
| Sex | 0.64 (0.39-1.05) | 0.08 | 0.55 (0.36-0.84) | 0.01 | 0.57 (0.37-0.88) | 0.01 | ||||
| Male | 205 (57.9) | 249 (59.0) | ||||||||
| Female | 149 (42.1) | 173 (41.0) | ||||||||
| Year of diagnosis | 1.42 (0.89-2.27) | 0.15 | 0.68 (0.45-1.05) | 0.08 | ||||||
| ~ 2008 | 217 (61.3) | 249 (59.0) | ||||||||
| 2009 ~ | 137 (38.7) | 173 (41.0) | ||||||||
| Primary site | 0.23 | 0.31 | ||||||||
| Right colon | 89 (25.1) | 1 | Reference | 110 (26.1) | 1 | Reference | ||||
| Left colon | 100 (28.2) | 0.97 (0.49-1.95) | 0.94 | 119 (28.2) | 0.70 (0.41-1.22) | 0.21 | ||||
| Rectum | 165 (46.6) | 1.48 (0.82-2/69) | 0.19 | 193 (45.7) | 1.02 (0.64-1.62) | 0.94 | ||||
| T category | 0.29 | < 0.001 | 0.02 | |||||||
| T1+2 | 38 (10.7) | 1 | Reference | 40 (9.5) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference | ||
| T3 | 251 (70.9) | 1.30 (0.56-3.04) | 0.55 | 295 (69.9) | 1.20 (0.55-2.64) | 0.65 | 0.67 (0.30-1.51) | 0.34 | ||
| T4 | 65 (18.4) | 1.90 (0.75-4.84) | 0.18 | 87 (20.6) | 2.87 (1.28-6.44) | 0.01 | 1.21 (0.52-2.81) | 0.66 | ||
| N category | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.001 | |||||||
| N0 | 152 (42.9) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference | 169 (40.0) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| N1 | 121 (34.2) | 1.04 (0.56-1.93) | 0.90 | 0.86 (0.46-1.60) | 0.63 | 138 (32.7) | 2.09 (1.19-3.68) | 0.01 | 2.27 (1.25-4.13) | 0.01 |
| N2 | 81 (22.9) | 3.43 (2.00-5.90) | < 0.001 | 2.97 (1.72-5.13) | < 0.001 | 115 (27.3) | 4.81 (2.87-8.08) | < 0.001 | 2.98 (1.68-5.31) | < 0.001 |
| M category | 5.51 (3.66-8.31) | < 0.001 | 4.18 (2.65-6.60) | < 0.001 | ||||||
| M0 | - | - | 354 (83.9) | |||||||
| M1 | - | - | 68 (16.1) | |||||||
| Tumor differentiation | 1.48 (0.79-2.74) | 0.22 | 0.48 (0.30-0.78) | 0.003 | 0.55 (0.33-0.92) | 0.02 | ||||
| Poorly differentiated or undifferentiated | 49 (13.8) | 54 (12.8) | ||||||||
| Moderately or well differentiated | 305 (86.2) | 368 (87.2) | ||||||||
| Nervous invasion | 1.38 (0.87-2.21) | 0.17 | 0.87 (0.57-1.33) | 0.53 | ||||||
| Negative | 217 (61.3) | 283 (67.1) | ||||||||
| Positive | 137 (38.7) | 139 (32.9) | ||||||||
| Venous invasion | 1.12 (0.54-2.35) | 1.64 (0.95-2.85) | 0.08 | |||||||
| Negative | 315 (89.0) | 378 (89.6) | ||||||||
| Positive | 39 (11.0) | 44 (10.4) | ||||||||
| Tumor deposits | 1.78 (0.91-3.48) | 0.09 | 2.51 (1.56-4.02) | < 0.001 | 1.16 (0.69-1.97) | 0.57 | ||||
| Negative | 319 (90.1) | 372 (88.2) | ||||||||
| Positive | 35 (9.9) | 50 (11.8) | ||||||||
| PD-L1 expression | 0.40 (0.24-0.68) | 0.001 | 0.42 (0.25-0.72) | 0.001 | 0.61 (0.41-0.92) | 0.02 | 0.81 (0.53-1.23) | 0.31 | ||
| Negative | 192 (54.2) | 234 (55.5) | ||||||||
| Positive | 162 (45.8) | 188 (44.5) | ||||||||
| PD-1 expression | 0.62 (0.29-1.36) | 0.23 | 1.05 (0.63-1.78) | 0.84 | ||||||
| Negative | 304 (85.8) | 353 (83.6) | ||||||||
| Positive | 50 (14.1) | 69 (16.4) | ||||||||
| CD4 density | 0.16 | 0.14 | ||||||||
| Absent and Low | 266 (75.1) | 1 | Reference | 317 (75.1) | 1 | Reference | ||||
| Moderate | 69 (19.5) | 0.68 (0.35-1.29) | 0.23 | 84 (19.9) | 0.69 (0.40-1.18) | 0.18 | ||||
| High | 19 (5.4) | 0.21 (0.03-1.49) | 0.12 | 21 (5.0) | 0.33 (0.08-1.34) | 0.12 | ||||
| CD8 density | 0.13 | 0.10 | ||||||||
| Absent and Low | 266 (75.1) | 1 | Reference | 328 (77.7) | 1 | Reference | ||||
| Moderate | 65 (18.4) | 0.47 (0.22-0.97) | 0.05 | 71 (16.8) | 0.59 (0.32-1.07) | 0.08 | ||||
| High | 23 (6.5) | 0.04 (0.001-2.01) | 0.11 | 23 (5.5) | 0.45 (0.14-1.41) | 0.17 | ||||
| MSI | 1.37 (0.79-2.39) | 0.26 | 1.62 (0.98-2.66) | 0.06 | ||||||
| dMMR | 97 (27.4) | 107 (25.4) | ||||||||
| pMMR | 257 (72.6) | 315 (74.6) | ||||||||
Abbreviations: DFS, disease free survival; OS, overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; PD-L1, programmed death ligand 1; PD-1, programmed death 1; CD4, cluster of differentiation 4; CD8, cluster of differentiation 8; MSI, microsatellite instability; dMMR, DNA mismatch repair deficiency; pMMR, DNA mismatch repair proficiency.