FIGURE 4.

ROS production after blue light irradiation was attenuated by Mdivi-1 or Drp1 RNAi. (A) Blue light increased the intracellular ROS level in a time-dependent manner. R28 cells were cultured in the dark (control) or exposed to blue light for the indicated duration. The fluorescence signals of DCFH-DA were detected as intracellular ROS under a fluorescence microscope. Scale bar = 50 μm. (B) Effect of Mdivi-1 and Drp1 RNAi on blue light-induced intracellular ROS in R28 cells. The fluorescence signals of DCFH-DA were detected as the intracellular ROS in cells after the indicated treatments under a fluorescence microscope. Cont, control; RL, red light (also refer to Supplementary Figure 3A); BL, blue light. Scale bar = 50 μm. (C) Effect of Mdivi-1 and Drp1 RNAi on blue light-induced mitochondrial ROS in R28 cells. The fluorescence signals of MitoSOX in cells after the indicated treatments were detected under a fluorescence microscope. Scale bar = 20 μm. (D) After the indicated treatments, the mitochondrial ROS levels were measured by flow cytometry using MitoSOX staining. (E) The percentage of MitoSOX-positive cells in each group was measured. The data are presented as the mean ± SD of four independent experiments; ^∗∗p < 0.01.