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. 2018 Nov 27;12:887. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00887

Table 1.

Outline of strategies to access the endoneurium.

Strategy I II III IV
Status of BNB Barrier breached Barrier intact Barrier intact Barrier intact
Clinical example Peripheral nerve trauma Anesthesia, neuropathic pain Gene therapy Inflamed vasculature
Mechanism of access Direct placement Diffusion across BNB, with or without disruption Retrograde axonal transport Transendothelial migration

The underlying status of the blood nerve barrier (BNB) and clinical application dictate the mechanism of access to the endoneurium.