Table 2.

Treatment outcomes for all 67 participants.

	Baseline	Endpoint	P-Value
Betahistine group (n = 13)
Body weight, kg	76.25 ± 13.88 (67.86 – 84.643)	75.25 ± 12.90 (67.46 – 83.05)	0.223
BMI	28.38 ± 3.09 (26.51 – 30.25)	28.05 ± 3.19 (26.13 – 29.98)	0.245
Waist Circumference, cm	99.47 ± 8.20 (94.52 – 104.42)	98.65 ± 9.63 (92.83 – 104.46)	0.495
Fasting Glucose, mmol/L	4.91 ± 0.52 (4.60 – 5.23)	4.90 ± 0.61 (4.53 – 5.27)	0.920
Insulin, mIU/L	26.42 ± 21.76 (13.27 – 39.56)	20.34 ± 14.61 (11.51 – 29.17)	0.111
IRI	5.88 ± 5.31 (2.67 – 9.09)	4.48 ± 3.29 (2.50 – 6.47)	0.132
Metformin group (n = 25)
Body weight, kg	65.62 ± 5.78 (63.25 – 68.01)	61.82 ± 6.26 (59.23 – 64.40)	< 0.001
BMI	24.90 ± 1.10 (24.45 – 25.36)	23.44 ± 1.31 (22.90 – 23.98)	< 0.001
Waist Circumference, cm	84.22 ± 5.78 (81.83 – 86.60)	82.69 ± 5.80 (80.30 – 85.09)	< 0.001
Fasting Glucose, mmol/L	5.44 ± 0.47 (5.24 – 5.63)	4.63 ± 0.65 (4.36 – 4.90)	< 0.001
Insulin, mIU/L	28.21 ± 8.08 (24.87 – 31.55)	12.87 ± 3.90 (11.26 – 14.47)	< 0.001
IRI	6.96 ± 2.56 (5.90 – 8.02)	2.66 ± 0.89 (2.29 – 3.02)	< 0.001
Placebo group (n = 29)
Body weight, kg	63.88 ± 5.46 (61.80 – 65.96)	67.17 ± 5.28 (65.16 – 69.18)	< 0.001
BMI	24.09 ± 1.25 (23.61 – 24.56)	25.35 ± 1.16 (24.91 – 25.80)	< 0.001
Waist Circumference, cm	83.25 ± 4.50 (81.54 – 84.97)	85.54 ± 5.43 (83.47 – 87.60)	< 0.001
Fasting Glucose, mmol/L	5.17 ± 0.41 (5.01 – 5.33)	5.11 ± 0.40 (4.96 – 5.27)	0.081
Insulin, mIU/L	25.39 ± 6.93 (22.76 – 28.03)	27.62 ± 7.33 (24.83 – 30.40)	0.001
IRI	5.87 ± 1.81 (5.18 – 6.55)	6.32 ± 2.00 (5.56 – 7.08)	0.008

BMI, body mass index, which is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; IRI, insulin resistance index, which is calculated as insulin level (mIU/L) × fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5.

SI conversions: To convert glucose from mg/dL to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0555; insulin from μIU/mL to pmol/L, multiply by a 6.945.