Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population according to Gensini score tertiles
| Overall (n = 4090) | Gensini score category | p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 26 | 26–43 | ≥44 | |||
| (n = 1309) | (n = 1405) | (n = 1376) | |||
| Clinical characteristics | |||||
| Age, years | 61.1 ± 10.9 | 58.9 ± 10.8 | 61.8 ± 10.7 | 62.6 ± 10.8 | < 0.001 |
| Gender (male), % (n) | 67.9(2779) | 62.9 (823) | 68.4 (961) | 72.3 (995) | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.0 ± 3.2 | 25.0 ± 3.3 | 25.0 ± 3.1 | 25.1 ± 3.1 | 0.262 |
| Systolic pressure, mm Hg | 134 ± 20 | 132 ± 19 | 134 ± 20 | 135 ± 21 | 0.002 |
| Diastolic pressure, mm Hg | 78 ± 12 | 78 ± 12 | 78 ± 12 | 78 ± 13 | 0.726 |
| Hypertension, % (n) | 57.8(2362) | 52.6 (689) | 58.9 (827) | 61.5 (846) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % (n) | 23.9(977) | 22.2 (290) | 22.4 (315) | 27.0 (372) | 0.003 |
| Current smoking, % (n) | 35.2(1438) | 31.0 (406) | 34.2 (480) | 40.1 (552) | < 0.001 |
| Family history of premature CAD, % (n) | 145 (3.5) | 45 (3.4) | 60 (4.3) | 40 (2.9) | 0.146 |
| LVEF, % | 61.1 ± 6.9 | 61.3 ± 7.0 | 61.0 ± 6.9 | 61.0 ± 6.8 | 0.594 |
| Biochemistry parameters | |||||
| TC, mmol/L | 4.64 ± 1.08 | 4.56 ± 1.02 | 4.61 ± 1.05 | 4.74 ± 1.16 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.78 ± 0.91 | 2.68 ± 0.84 | 2.74 ± 0.90 | 2.91 ± 0.96 | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.14 ± 0.31 | 1.18 ± 0.32 | 1.12 ± 0.31 | 1.12 ± 0.30 | < 0.001 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.51 (1.07–2.18) | 1.48 (1.06–2.12) | 1.46 (1.05–2.10) | 1.57 (1.12–2.28) | 0.003 |
| Hs-CRP, mg/L | 2.63 (1.10–7.10) | 2.47 (1.00–6.37) | 2.41 (1.06–6.66) | 2.99 (1.23–8.39) | < 0.001 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 6.26 ± 2.39 | 6.00 ± 2.11 | 6.27 ± 2.37 | 6.50 ± 2.62 | < 0.001 |
| HbA1C, (%) | 6.4 ± 1.4 | 6.3 ± 1.4 | 6.4 ± 1.4 | 6.6 ± 1.5 | < 0.001 |
Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation, median (Q1–Q3 quartiles), or percentages (n). P values from analysis of the variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis H tests, or chi-square tests. Two-tailed p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. CAD coronary artery disease, BMI body mass index, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, TC total cholesterol, LDL-C LDL cholesterol, HDL-C HDL cholesterol, TG triglyceride, hs-CRP high-sensitivity C reactive protein, HbA1C Hemoglobin A1c