Table 1.
Total phenolic, flavonoid, terpenoid, and condensed tannin contents in various extracts and their respective fractions of S. officinalis L. roots.
| Extract/Fraction | Total Phenolic Content (mg GAE/g ± SD) | Total Flavonoid Content (mg QE/g ± SD) | Total Terpenoid Content (mg/g ± SD) | Condensed Tannin Content (mg CE/g ± SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CWE | 59.0 ± 0.57 d | 20.6 ± 0.39 ab | 29.10 ± 0.000 c | 1.69 ± 0.058 b |
| HWE | 60.0 ± 1.15 d | 30.2 ± 2.46 c | 27.40 ± 0.001 b | 1.80 ± 0.004 c |
| ME | 46.1 ± 3.23 c | 17.9 ± 0.81 a | 22.38 ± 0.001 a | 1.14 ± 0.001 a |
| CWE-EA | 58.1 ± 1.89 d | 20.9 ± 0.34 ab | 29.69 ± 0.001 c | 2.15 ± 0.002 e |
| HWE-EA | 38.3 ± 2.41 b | 20.1 ± 0.92 ab | 26.29 ± 0.001 b | 2.06 ± 0.001 ab |
| ME-EA | 25.6 ± 1.99 a | 18.2 ± 2.31 ab | 29.68 ± 0.001 c | 1.73 ± 0.007 ab |
CWE: cold water extract; HWE: hot water extract; ME: methanol extract; CWE-EA: ethyl acetate fraction of the CWE; HWE-EA: ethyl acetate fraction of the HWE; ME-EA: ethyl acetate fraction of the ME. GAE: gallic acid equivalent; QE: quercetin equivalent; CE: catechin equivalent. g: dry powder weight. The data shown represent the mean values of triplicate assays and standard deviations (SDs). Values in the same column followed by a different letter are significantly different using Duncan’s multiple range test at the 5% level (p < 0.05).