Figure 5.

G protein-PLC signaling regulated FSE-mediated GLUT4 translocation and intracellular Ca²⁺ increase. (A) Cells were incubated for 6–8 h with 100 μM Gallein (Gβγ protein inhibitor) and then treated with 60 μg/mL FSE. * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001. (B) Cells were incubated for 6–8 h with 100 μM PTX (Gα protein inhibitor), followed by the addition of 60 μg/mL FSE. *** p < 0.001. (C) Cells were treated with 2 μM U73122 (PLC inhibitor) for 30 min and were then stimulated by 60 μg/mL FSE. The IRAP-mOrange fluorescence in the PM region and the intracellular Ca²⁺ levels were quantified by Zeiss 2010 software. Significance analysis: * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001.